Piaget studied cognitive development among children to comprehend the existing relationship between mental processes and social behavior (Gould, 2015). He used the sensorimotor as the prime stages to justify the infant’s cognitive development. The sensorimotor stage has six sub-stages: a) simple reflexes ranges from birth to one month old; this stage reflects rooting and sucking. b) Primary circular reaction ranges from one to four months old; hence he learns to coordinate sensations; he accidently repeat or imitate happenings; for example: unconsciously sucking thumbs. c) Secondary circular reactions ranges from four to eight months: the child becomes aware of what surpasses his body and interest more about objects surrounding him.…
Normal developmental process of human body is characterized by physical, psychological, mental, cognitive and behavioral changes. The development processes not only requires specific nutritional interventions but are also characterized by very specific growth changes (Berk, & Churchill, 1996). Jean Piaget, biologist and psychologist developed different stages of intellectual, cognitive and behavioral development from infant to adult age. This development stages are established on the basis of behavioral, cognitive and intelligence changes that are observed during these ages. These stages are named as Piaget Stages of Development which mainly comprise of four main stages namely Sensorimotor, preoperational, Concrete and formal operational…
Development is a broad spontaneous process that results in the continual addition, modification and recognition of psychological structures. piagets(1936) was the first psychologists to make a systematic study of cognitive development . His contributions include a theory of cognitive child development, detailed observational studies of cognition in children , and a series of simple but ingenious tests to reveal different cognitive abilities. There are some basic components of piagets mental development theory. such as Adaptation: Adaptation is the individual’s adjustment to the environment.…
1) From the perspectives of Piaget, Vygotsky and today's researchers, how does a child's mind develop? Piaget formed the theory that a child's mind develops in multiple stages. Children's cognitive development progresses through assimilation and accommodation. Children also form schemas that become more specific as they learn more about the outside world.…
Piaget developed a systematic study of cognitive development, which includes the stages of development. According to McLoed (2015). Piaget’s theory was concerned with children as…
In addition, Piaget maintained that the natural growth and development of cognition and language occurs in four major stages, including sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. During the sensorimotor stage, Piaget argued that children cannot comprehend representations of objects and do not understand symbolic function. Instead, assimilation and accommodation occur as a result of children’s responses to environmental sensory stimuli. Intelligence develops before language, and language development is social and forms from imitation and play. The preoperational stage occurs between ages 2 and 8.…
Piaget described the pre-operational period of intellectual development as the second stage of cognitive development, occurring between the ages of approximately 2 and 7 years. At this stage children do not necessarily use logic to perform operations. They concentrate on one aspect of a situation and tend to project their own feelings onto others, animate or not. For example, they may describe how their teddy bear needs a drink. Children are very egocentric at this stage and the main purpose of speech is to let others know what they are thinking, rather than to have a two way communication.…
Piaget was an active man who enjoyed a great fame in his vast discoveries. He started out studying mollusk and evaluated his own children as they grew up. He worked at several department of philosophy and today his cognitive development theory is used in many school set-ups. Piaget’s work in this manner was much like Sigmund Freud, but he thoroughly emphasized the way children think and acquire basic…
Youth are born naturally inquisitive and playful. While toddlers may use their imaginations and play with toys to express their creativity and need for mental stimulation, structure begins to become more and more important as a child ages. Children develop both physically and mentally in different stages, allowing them to participate in more diverse and complex activities as they age. Youth can enjoy a great deal of emotional and physical growth by participating in different sports and leisure activities, especially if the youth has a capable and talented leader to mentor and guide them through these activities. When working with youth it is imperative to consider both physical and emotional developmental stages and to have a strategy to make the activities happen in a fun and safe environment.…
The preoperational stage of cognitive development is a stage where a child is in the pre cognitive stage of understanding. The age ranges from two to seven years of age. Children in this age group are unable to apply logic to situations and create realistic ideas. Most principles associated with this stage are centration, egocentrism, play, symbolic representation, animism and many others. Centration focuses on the child's inability to concentrate on different aspects of a situation at the same time.…
Brain and nervous system development during early childhood continues to be dramatic. The nervous system undergoes changes in early childhood, too. Motor skills develop and are majorly refined during early childhood. Piaget referred to the cognitive development occurring between the ages of 2 and 7 as the preoperational stage. In this stage, children increase their use of language and other symbols, their imitation of adult behaviors, and their play.…
1. In your own words, describe Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, describing the major characteristics of each stage. According to Jean Piaget, a child psychologist, children progress through a series of four main stages of cognitive development. Each stage is marked by changes in how the children perceive the world in terms of their thoughts, knowledge and judgment.…
Critically assess Piaget’s theoretical predictions about when children would and would not be able to have/do certain things (eg. Object Permanence, imitate facial expressions, take another’s perspective, pass a conservation task etc. Cognitive development describes the growth of cognitive abilities and capacities from birth to old age (Colman, 2009). Jean Piaget’s four stages cognitive-developmental theory (Piaget, 1962) is widely regarded as the most detailed explanation of child development (Carlson et al., 2004). This essay will assess the strengths and weaknesses of Piaget’s theory and compare these to other cognitive development theories namely the theories developed by Lev Vygotsky and Mark Johnson in order to gain a better insight…
Three Main Principles of Piaget’s Theory Piaget’s theory of cognitive development was based on three main principles which are assimilation, accommodation and equilibration First it is important to define the term ‘schema’. Schema is a cognitive representation of activities or things (Oakley 2004). For example, when a baby is born it will have an automatic response for sucking in order to ensure that it can feed and therefore grow (Oakley 2004).…
In cognitive development, Piaget developed four stages that many still refer to today. The four stages are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. In each stage, a child’s mindsets and abilities are different than the other stages. So a three year old and a nine year old will have different abilities because they are in different stages and so have different…