2.1 Introduction
The purpose of this chapter is to review related literatures that are used in this research on the stress level among seafarers in the shipping company. In this chapter, researcher will also discuss about what is stress, seafarers and their job description, type of stress, factors influencing seafarers stress, effects of stress and relationship between stress and job performance.
In the seafarers’ world, the burden physically and mentally aspect faced by seafarers can be considered as serious. There are many potential stressors that contain in the contents of job situation and environment. The duties of the crew which is need the physical energy has showed it is really heavy, while the responsibilities of the officers need …show more content…
2.2.2 Seafarers
According to the Maritime Labour Convention (2006) states that seafarer means any person who is employed or engaged or works in any capacity on board a ship to which the Convention applies. In the United Kingdom (UK) implementing legislation, the definition of seafarer is given as “seafarer” means any person, including a master, who is employed or engaged or works in any capacity on board a ship and whose normal place of work is on a ship.
According to Atholl Anderson, James H. Barrett and Katherine V. Boyle (eds) (2010) in their book, The Global Origins and Development of Seafaring, seafaring is defined as “travelling upon and making a living from the sea, through the use of watercraft”. Based on the definitions of these authors, it can be said that seafarer is the person who is employed or works and spend most of their time on board a …show more content…
The impacts of stress such as condition of distress, hard time feeling really relaxed, poor decision-making, too much drinking and smoking, body feels tense all over, improper meals, lack of sleep and sexual matters, hard to relax, may be expressed by the person through various ways.
The International Labour Organization (ILO, 1992) stated that from early disorders to real illness, the harmful consequences of stress cover a broad range from chronic fatigue to depression, by way of insomnia, anxiety, migraines emotional upsets, stomach ulcers, allergies, skin disorders, lumbago and rheumatic attacks, tobacco and alcohol abuse, and can culminate in the most serious consequences of all in the form of heart attacks, accidents and even suicides.
2.6 Stress and job performance
An optimum amount of stress exists for most people and most tasks, job performance tends to be best at low and moderate amounts of ordinary stress. When exposed to too much stress, people become temporarily ineffective because they become
The purpose of this chapter is to review related literatures that are used in this research on the stress level among seafarers in the shipping company. In this chapter, researcher will also discuss about what is stress, seafarers and their job description, type of stress, factors influencing seafarers stress, effects of stress and relationship between stress and job performance.
In the seafarers’ world, the burden physically and mentally aspect faced by seafarers can be considered as serious. There are many potential stressors that contain in the contents of job situation and environment. The duties of the crew which is need the physical energy has showed it is really heavy, while the responsibilities of the officers need …show more content…
2.2.2 Seafarers
According to the Maritime Labour Convention (2006) states that seafarer means any person who is employed or engaged or works in any capacity on board a ship to which the Convention applies. In the United Kingdom (UK) implementing legislation, the definition of seafarer is given as “seafarer” means any person, including a master, who is employed or engaged or works in any capacity on board a ship and whose normal place of work is on a ship.
According to Atholl Anderson, James H. Barrett and Katherine V. Boyle (eds) (2010) in their book, The Global Origins and Development of Seafaring, seafaring is defined as “travelling upon and making a living from the sea, through the use of watercraft”. Based on the definitions of these authors, it can be said that seafarer is the person who is employed or works and spend most of their time on board a …show more content…
The impacts of stress such as condition of distress, hard time feeling really relaxed, poor decision-making, too much drinking and smoking, body feels tense all over, improper meals, lack of sleep and sexual matters, hard to relax, may be expressed by the person through various ways.
The International Labour Organization (ILO, 1992) stated that from early disorders to real illness, the harmful consequences of stress cover a broad range from chronic fatigue to depression, by way of insomnia, anxiety, migraines emotional upsets, stomach ulcers, allergies, skin disorders, lumbago and rheumatic attacks, tobacco and alcohol abuse, and can culminate in the most serious consequences of all in the form of heart attacks, accidents and even suicides.
2.6 Stress and job performance
An optimum amount of stress exists for most people and most tasks, job performance tends to be best at low and moderate amounts of ordinary stress. When exposed to too much stress, people become temporarily ineffective because they become