In the study by Zhang et al. (2013), two animal models were used to induce high levels of PGE2. The first was a mouse treadmill running model, where twenty-five mice would run on a treadmill, and four mice served as controls. The treadmill running protocol consisted of training for 1 week, with mice running at 13 meters/minute for 15 minutes per day, followed by one bout of exhaustive running at the same speed. After treadmill running, cold treatment was applied by submerging the hind legs and feet into Koolit refrigerant gel (kept at 8 ± 2⁰C for 30 or 60 minutes) of the mice in the treadmill running group. Control mice were kept in cages at room temperature (22⁰C). Mice in the treadmill running group were divided into 5 groups with 5 mice
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Mice in the TC30 and TC60 are the mice who received cold treatment for 30 and 60 minutes respectively, and then sacrificed after the ice treatment. In the acute tendon injury model, 45 female mice (8-10 weeks) had both their patellar and Achilles tendons injured by penetration of a needle. The 45 mice were divided into 9 groups, with 5 mice in each group. The control group (group 0), was sacrificed immediately after the needle penetration. Mice in 4 groups were provided time to rest after the injury at room temperature for 0.5h (RT0.5), 1.5h (RT1.5), 2.5h (RT2.5), and 3.5h (RT3.5) respectively. Mice in the last 4 groups were provided with Koolit refrigeration gel for 30 minutes ± 2⁰C followed by resting at room temperature for 0 hours (C0.5), 1 hour (C1.5), 2h (C2.5), 3h (C3.5), and then were sacrificed. Immediately post sacrifice, the patellar and achilles tendons were harvested from the hindlegs of each mouse in the 2 animal studies. A t-test was performed to determine the difference between cryo-treatment groups and controls using a p value of <0.05. In the treadmill running group, PGE2 levels were 251.4% higher after treadmill running compared to
Mice in the TC30 and TC60 are the mice who received cold treatment for 30 and 60 minutes respectively, and then sacrificed after the ice treatment. In the acute tendon injury model, 45 female mice (8-10 weeks) had both their patellar and Achilles tendons injured by penetration of a needle. The 45 mice were divided into 9 groups, with 5 mice in each group. The control group (group 0), was sacrificed immediately after the needle penetration. Mice in 4 groups were provided time to rest after the injury at room temperature for 0.5h (RT0.5), 1.5h (RT1.5), 2.5h (RT2.5), and 3.5h (RT3.5) respectively. Mice in the last 4 groups were provided with Koolit refrigeration gel for 30 minutes ± 2⁰C followed by resting at room temperature for 0 hours (C0.5), 1 hour (C1.5), 2h (C2.5), 3h (C3.5), and then were sacrificed. Immediately post sacrifice, the patellar and achilles tendons were harvested from the hindlegs of each mouse in the 2 animal studies. A t-test was performed to determine the difference between cryo-treatment groups and controls using a p value of <0.05. In the treadmill running group, PGE2 levels were 251.4% higher after treadmill running compared to