Little research is known on late night eating and its effects on the body nutritionally. There is some research as far as late night eating and its relationship to obesity, also late night eating and its effects on diabetes. Obesity is a factor of diabetes so all the factors tie into each other in some way. There is also minor research being conducted, but late night eating isn’t a huge studied topic. There are plenty of eating behaviors within people that are linked to multiple different health issues. Behavior modification and practicing better eating behaviors is recommended to reduce health issues within people (Lee et al., 2016).
“Eating during the late evening hours has also been shown to be linked with difficulty of BW control, obesity, …show more content…
“More than four decades ago, influenced by the Utopian ideas and operant conditioning principles of the behavioral psychologist B.F. Skinner, pioneering scientist-practitioners designed the token economy to remediate the problems of seriously mentally ill patients who were then residing in large numbers in state and Veterans Administration mental hospitals” (Liberman, p.1398).Token economy is a behavior modification technique that is ultimately a great tool for changing behavior. Miltenberger (2008) describes token economy as a system that conditioned reinforces also called tokens are delivered to people for desirable behaviors. In token economy, desirable behaviors are strengthened and undesirable behaviors are decreased. “In a token economy, a neutral stimulus can be exchanged for reinforcing stimuli or events (i.e., backup reinforcers). The tokens are paired with and, thus presumably, take on the value of the backup reinforcer(s) Therefore, tokens are said to function as conditioned reinforcers. Tokens can also be generalized conditioned reinforcers, which are conditioned reinforcers that are paired with more than one backup reinforcer” (Becraft, 2015).
“The design of a ward-wide system for organizing the consistent application of antecedents and consequences of behavior was termed the “token economy” because tokens could be conveniently dispensed to patients contingent on their exhibiting improvements in their behavior. The tokens were then subsequently exchanged for a panoply of rewards that were often individually determined by each patient—cigarettes, candy, beverages, personal radios or televisions, single rooms, special privileges and home visits, and other activities or things that were valued and preferred by each patient” (Liberman, p.1398
“Eating during the late evening hours has also been shown to be linked with difficulty of BW control, obesity, …show more content…
“More than four decades ago, influenced by the Utopian ideas and operant conditioning principles of the behavioral psychologist B.F. Skinner, pioneering scientist-practitioners designed the token economy to remediate the problems of seriously mentally ill patients who were then residing in large numbers in state and Veterans Administration mental hospitals” (Liberman, p.1398).Token economy is a behavior modification technique that is ultimately a great tool for changing behavior. Miltenberger (2008) describes token economy as a system that conditioned reinforces also called tokens are delivered to people for desirable behaviors. In token economy, desirable behaviors are strengthened and undesirable behaviors are decreased. “In a token economy, a neutral stimulus can be exchanged for reinforcing stimuli or events (i.e., backup reinforcers). The tokens are paired with and, thus presumably, take on the value of the backup reinforcer(s) Therefore, tokens are said to function as conditioned reinforcers. Tokens can also be generalized conditioned reinforcers, which are conditioned reinforcers that are paired with more than one backup reinforcer” (Becraft, 2015).
“The design of a ward-wide system for organizing the consistent application of antecedents and consequences of behavior was termed the “token economy” because tokens could be conveniently dispensed to patients contingent on their exhibiting improvements in their behavior. The tokens were then subsequently exchanged for a panoply of rewards that were often individually determined by each patient—cigarettes, candy, beverages, personal radios or televisions, single rooms, special privileges and home visits, and other activities or things that were valued and preferred by each patient” (Liberman, p.1398