Aristotle argues that some people are just born to be slaves, it’s in their nature to be obedient. “Some people,” he said, “were born natural slaves. They differ from ordinary people in the same way that the body differs from the soul. Such people are by nature slaves, and it is better for them…to be ruled by a master. Just as are some are by nature free, so others are by nature slaves, and for these latter the condition of slavery is both essential and just”…
The scientific revolution was known for renowned developments in astronomy, physics, and mathematics. During the 16th and 17th century, the Church was mostly in control of education. If an individual wanted to study a topic, he or she would most likely seek a scholarship in order to be able to study. An example is Petrarch and how the Church allowed him to study ancient texts. The Church promoted the idea of education to individuals.…
Alexander the Great was tutored by Aristotle as a child. Aristotle gifted Alexander with a copy of The Iliad at age 14, and the story greatly influenced Alexander later in his life. He may have taken the book so seriously because of his relationship with Aristotle, whom he valued as a father figure. The book’s influence on Alexander can be seen not only through his battle strategies, but also through how he acts in battle. In autumn of 332 BCE, Alexander takes the city of Gaza during a siege.…
This essay will explain what the function argument is and what role it plays in Aristotle’s ethics. This essay will then be explicating, how successful the functional argument is. On the former, this essay will consider why the function argument is not deemed as successful and why it is problematic. From this, the essay will come to conclusion that, the function argument is successful, even though it has certain flaws.…
This paper is going to talk about an argument between Socrates and the court in Apology about death being a blessing and not a punishment. Through critical analysis I have decided that Socrates indeed has not only a very good point but also a very well thought out argument against the court. I agree with Socrates and in this paper I will explain why by first showing what a good argument looks like, second by laying out the reconstructed form of Socrates argument, and third by analyzing and explaining whether each premise is false or true. In order to have a good argument, the premises must strongly support the conclusion.…
Socrates starts to examine the second argument after examining the first argument. Crito stated that it is unjust for Socrates to stay in the prison with having an opportunity to escaping the prison. In respond, Socrates said: “We should examine whether or not it would be just for me to try to get out of here when the Athenians haven’t acquitted me.” (67) Socrates strategy in any argument is examining and questioning, and he would look for any contradiction in the argument. Socrates explained that justice person should never do injustice in any circumstances (68).…
When we apply the theory of argumentum absurdum to both Hume and Aristotle’s argument, the equation would yield the same results. Since humans are capable of infallibility, and humans write about miracles, then miracles cannot be proven to exist, therefore, God cannot exist if his existence is reliant upon the miracles. Therefore, the existence of God cannot be logically proven under Hume’s claim, since we cannot see God, we cannot prove miracles exist, and God cannot exist where man is corrupt. To be fair, the converse is offered for evaluation.…
For each situation there are many possible causes some are inherent in the creature or object itself while other causes are external to it. According to Aristotle in his book, Physics, there are four categories of these of causes; material, formal, efficient, and final. These categories of causes are defined at II.3, 194b23-41. Aristotle states that we use cause in four ways.…
1 What does Aristotle mean by the use of ‘example’? Aristotle says that argument by Example has the nature of induction, which is the foundation of reasoning. There are two varieties; one consisting in the mention of actual past facts, the other in the invention of facts by the speaker. Illustrative parallel and the fable are the two varieties (Aristotle, pg. 109-110).…
In Nicomachean Ethics 1097b22–1098a18, Aristotle advances an argument for what the human good is, which comes to be known as the Function Argument. There are a lot of discussions in secondary literature of the Function Argument, but (well, maybe not) surprisingly, scholars disagree significantly on what the Function Argument really is (a.k.a. what the premises and conclusion are), particularly because the so compact Argument is unpacked in a rather rapid manner, and involves potentially ambiguous concepts of ergon (function or work), eudaimonia (happiness or living well), arête (virtue or excellence), activity, and soul. My research aims to find a most accurate and compelling reconstruction of the Function Argument. Since many contemporary…
Socrates, in defending himself against the accusations of corrupting the youth, uses a self devised method consisting of questions aimed at bringing to light the contradictions found in his accuser’s answers. His ferocious questions fired upon the ignorance of his respondents, who avowed a great deal of wisdom. Meletus, the leading accuser of Socrates, is convinced that Socrates is a wicked being who deliberately partakes in vandalizing the society he resides in. Furthermore, Meletus confirms that everyone but Socrates is fit to aid the development of the youth. To Socrates, Meletus’s views were to be heavily contested from a holistic and philosophical approach.…
To begin, Aristotle defines and contrasts both practical and theoretical wisdom. Practical wisdom is defined by Aristotle as being, “a truthful rational characteristic of acting in matters involving what is good for man” (Aristotle Ethics, pg. 154). In other words, practical wisdom is concerned with deciding what a good course of action for man is. On the other hand about theoretical wisdom, Aristotle writes, “a wise man must not only know what follows from fundamental principles, but he must also have true knowledge of the fundamental principles themselves. Accordingly, theoretical wisdom must comprise both intelligence and scientific knowledge”(Aristotle Ethics, pg. 156).…
Critique logic of Aristotle understands of the nature(s) of the human soul. According to Aristotle, human nature refers to the unique characteristics in a human being. Some of these characteristics include the way of thinking, feeling and acting. These characteristics are in human beings, and they occur naturally, independently of the influence of culture.…
Contrasting Plato’s theory of Dualism , Aristotle explains that the body and mind are one thing that cannot be separated. Aristotle claims that motion is eternal. Introducing us the idea of happiness, Aristotle questions what we do to make our life good or something that makes us be alive. He states that the psyche or soul part of our life like happiness consists a good life for humans.…
Theories which attempt to explain morality based on the purpose of human life and the defining characteristics of what should be considered a “good” life date all the way back to Ancient Greece. Aristotle, was one of the most famous writers of ancient times to discuss morality and ethics. As a philosopher, Aristotle believed that if a purpose was fulfilled than it was ‘good’. This is the basis of natural law in ethical beliefs and also implies that everything has a purpose in life and actions are either right or wrong depending on whether or not they contribute to fulfilling said purpose. The church and these everyday moral and ethical views can sync nicely or contrast, depending on the views of each other.…