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What is the function of the inferior olive?
To compare the actual to the intended motor movements and aid in corrections
Where is the nucleus ambiguus located?
In the lateral medulla at the level of the inferior olive
A unilateral lesion in the nucleus ambiguus may result in? (3)
Nasal speech (palatine weakness), hoarse voice (laryngeal paralysis), and deviation of the uvula to the normal side
A bilateral lesion in the nucleus ambiguus may result in? (4)
Severe dysfunction - dysphagia, hoarseness, difficulty breathing (laryngeal muscle paralysis)
SVA fibers from which cranial nerves enter the rostral aspect of nucleus solitarius?
CN VII, IX, and X; carrying information about taste sensation from the tongue, epiglottis, and pharynx
What part of the medulla is supplied by the anterior spinal artery?
The medial portion of the medulla, as well as the ventral spinal cord
The posterior inferior cerebellar artery supplies what?
Lateral medulla and inferior cerebellum
Dysfunction of cranial nerve IX may result in? (4)
Poor gag reflex, carotid baroreceptor hypersensitivity response, reduced taste, and rarely glossopharyngeal neuralgia
Where does the vagus nerve exit the skull?
Through the jugular foramen, along with cranial nerves IX and XI
A lower motor neuron lesion of CN XI will result in?
Ipsilateral shoulder droop and head tilt on the side opposite the lesion (weak ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle)
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