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The last of the four steps in characterization in a performed play.
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Acting
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An imagined event or series of events, so that saying something or telling a story within the the story may be an event.
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Action
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As in metaphor, one thing is implicitly spoken of in terms of something concrete, extended to include an entire work or large portion of work.
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Allegory
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The repetition of initial consonant sounds through a sequence of words. ie: "While I nodded, nearly napping,..."
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Alliteration
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A metrical form in which each foot consists of two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed one.
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Anapestic
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It is what we write & speak in everyday language.
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Prose
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Mode, Tone & purpose
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Satire
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This includes introduction(exposition), complication,rising action, climax, falling action, & denouement (conclusion).
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Freytag's Pyramid
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Characters that do not change in significant ways.
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Static characters
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Characters that changes upon which the narrative rests.
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Dynamic Characters
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Struggles for or towards something or someone.
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Protagonist
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Struggles against something or someone.
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Anatagonist
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Character that exists because the plot demanded it.
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Stock
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Character without individuating characters.
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Sterotype
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Characters who serve for other characters, enabling us to see one or more of them better.
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Foils
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Characters who stand for qualities or concepts rather than actual personages.
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Allergorical
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A phrase.
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Topic
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Turns a phrase into a statement.
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Theme
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A detail or element of the story which is repeated throughout & which may even become symbolic.
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Motif
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Essay that looks at ideas, explores rather than explains,meditative, writer deals with ideas in an associative manner, flow may produce intercalary paragraphs.
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Speculative essay
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Essay that purposes-to present a point & provide evidence to support it, formal structure.
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Argumentative essay
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Essay that may recount an incident or series of incidents, autobiographical, informality of the storytelling makes it less insistent than the argumentative essay, but more directed than the speculative essay
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Narrative essay
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Essay thats purpose is to explain & clarify ideas, narrative elements are a minor aspect, & subservient to that of explanation, argumentation is incidental.
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Expository essay
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Sees the world idealistically, as perfectible if not perfect.
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Romanticism
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Sees the world as it is, with healthy doses of both good & bad
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Realism
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Sees the world as imperfect, with evil often triumphing over good.
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Naturalism
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Very direct & does not necessarily employ humor
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Naturalist
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More subtle & employs humor
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Satirist
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Satirist's weapons include:
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irony, parody, reversal or inversion, hyperbole, understatement, sarcasm, wit.
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Satirist's most powerful weapon, & basis is inversion or reversal-doing or saying the opposite or the unexpected.
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Irony
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Poets write it to awaken the senses.
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Poetry
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Contest between secular love & love of God.
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Elizabethans
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Wordsworth, Coleridge, Keats, Shelley, Byron: Loved nature & saw God within nature.
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Romantics
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Tennyson, Blake: saw nature as a threat to mankind, & God, being replaced by the profit cash-nexus of the Industrial Age.
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Victorians
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T.S.Eliot, Pound, Yeats: seen God as dead & man as hollow, unwanted, & unsafe in an alien world.
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The Moderns
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Saw life as "an accident", a comic/cosmic joke, fragmented, purposeless. Often topics will be political (ie abortion, aparthied, etc.).
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The Post-Moderns
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Line of a poem.
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Verse
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A grouping of lines with a metrical order & often a repeated rhyme.
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Stanza
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Has the rhyming word at the end of the line, bringing the line to a definite stop but setting up for a rhyming word in another line.
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End Rhyme
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Includes at least one rhyming word within the line, often for the purpose of speeding the rhythm or making it linger.
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Internal rhyme
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Often jolts a reader who expects a perfect rhyme: poets use such a rhyme to express disappointment or a deliberate let-down.
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Slant rhyme-aka half, near, or approximate rhyme
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Uses one syllable words or stresses the final syllable to polysyllabic words, giving the feeling of strength & impact.
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Masculine rhyme
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Uses a rhyme of two or more syllables, the stress not failing upon the last syllable, giving feeling of softness & lightness
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Feminine rhyme
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Lines from the stanzas unrhymed & varying in metrical pattern.
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Free verse
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Unrhymed, but with a strict rhythm.
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Blank verse
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The pattern or measure of stressed accented words in a line of verse: note where stresses fall on syllables.
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Meter
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Rising & falling syllables.
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Iambic rhythm
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A line of poetry with 10 syllables of rising & falling stresses. 5 groups of 2 syllables, or 10 beats to the line.
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Iambic Pentameter
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The basic measuring unit in a line of poetry: footnames: anapest: marked by
u u /.
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Foot
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Four stresses to the line without attention to the unstressed syllables: employed by Old English poetry.
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Accentual Meter
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