|
anabolism
|
Process of building up complex materials (proteins) from simple materials.
|
|
|
catabolism
|
Process of breaking down complex materials (foods) to form simpler substances and release energy.
|
|
|
cell membrane
|
Structure surrounding and protecting the cell. It determines what enters and leaves the cell.
|
|
|
chromosomes
|
Rod-shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes. There are 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) in every cell except for the egg and sperm cells, which contain only 23 individual, unpaired chromosomes.
|
|
|
cytoplasm
|
All the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane.
|
|
|
DNA
|
Chemical found within each chromosome. Arranged like a sequence of recipes in code, it directs the activities of the cell.
|
|
|
endoplasmic reticulum
|
Structure (canals) within the cytoplasm. Site in which large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces. Ribosomes are found on the endoplasmic reticulum.
|
|
|
genes
|
Regions of DNA within each chromosome.
|
|
|
karyotype
|
Picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. The chromosomes are arranged in numerical order to determine their number and structure.
|
|
|
metabolism
|
The total of the chemical processes in a cell. It includes both catabolism and anabolism.
|
|
|
mitochondria
|
Structures in the cytoplasm in which foods are burned to release energy.
|
|
|
nucleus
|
Control center of the cell. It contains chromosomes and directs the activities of the cell.
|
|
|
adipose tissue
|
Collection of fat cells
|
|
|
cartilage
|
Flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints. For example, it surrounds the trachea and forms part of the external ear and nose.
|
|
|
epithelial cell
|
Skin cells that cover the external body surface and line the internal surfaces of organs.
|
|
|
histologist
|
Specialist in the study of tissues.
|
|
|
larynx
|
Voice box; located at the upper part of the trachea.
|
|
|
pharynx
|
Throat. The pharynx is the common passageway for food (from the mouth going to the esophagus) and air (from the nose to the trachea).
|
|
|
pituitary gland
|
Endocrine gland at the base of the brain.
|
|
|
thyroid gland
|
Endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck.
|
|
|
trachea
|
Windpipe (tube leading from the throat to the bronchial tubes).
|
|
|
ureter
|
One of the two tubes, each leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder.
(Spelling clue: Ureter has two e's and there are two of them)
|
|
|
urethra
|
Tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
(Spell clue: Urethra has one e and there is only urethra.)
|
|
|
uterus
|
The womb. The organ that holds the embryo and baby as it develops
|
|
|
viscera
|
Internal organs.
|
|
|
abdominal cavity
|
Space below the chest containing organs such as the liver, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines; also called the abdomen.
|
|
|
cranial cavity
|
Space in the head containing the brain and surrounded by the skull. Cranial means pertaining to the skull.
|
|
|
diaphragm
|
Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities.
|
|
|
diaphragm
|
Muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities.
|
|
|
dorsal (posterior)
|
Pertaining to the back.
|
|
|
mediastinum
|
Centrally located space between the lungs.
|
|
|
pelvic cavity
|
Space below the abdomen containing portions of the intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs. Pelvic means pertaining to the hip bone, which surrounds the pelvic cavity.
|
|
|
peritoneum
|
Membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen.
|
|
|
pleura
|
A double-layered membrane surrounding each lung.
|
|
|
pleural cavity
|
Space between the pleural membranes and surrounding each lung.
|
|
|
spinal cavity
|
Space within the spinal column (backbones) and containing the spinal cord. Also called the spinal canal.
|
|
|
thoracic cavity
|
Space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, esophagus, and other organs.
|
|
|
ventral (anterior)
|
Pertaining to the front.
|
|
|
hypochondriac
|
(Abdominopelvic Regions)
Upper right and left regions beneath the ribs
|
|
|
epigastric
|
(Abdominopelvic Regions)
Upper middle regions above the stomach
|
|
|
lumbar
|
(Abdominopelvic Regions)
Middle right and left regions near the waist
|
|
|
umbilical
|
(Abdominopelvic Regions)
Central region near the navel
|
|
|
inguinal
|
(Abdominopelvic Regions)
Lower right and left regions near the groin. Also called the iliac regions.
|
|
|
hypogastric
|
(Abdominopelvic Regions)
Lower middle region below the umbilical region
|
|
|
RUQ
|
(Abdominopelvic Quadrants)
Right upper quadrant
|
|
|
LUQ
|
(Abdominopelvic Quadrants)
Left upper quadrant
|
|
|
RLQ
|
(Abdominopelvic Quadrants)
Right lower quadrant
|
|
|
LLQ
|
(Abdominopelvic Quadrants)
Left lower quadrant
|
|
|
cervical
|
(Divisions Of The Back)
Neck region (C1-C7)
|
|
|
thoracic
|
(Divisions Of The Back)
Chest region (T1-T12)
|
|
