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The earth is approximately _______ km from the sun. This distance is equal to ___ AU (________)
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150million
1
Astronomical Unit
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Another way to measure distance is to measure the speed of _________.
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Light
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Light travles approximately
________ km/s. What is this distance also called?
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18,000,000 km
1 light-minute
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The distances between the planets in our solar system can also be measured in light ________ and _______ hours.
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minutes
light
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How long does it take the light from the sun to reach the earth?
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8.3 light minutes
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Distances between stars are measured in ______ years, which is the distance ______ travels in one Earth _______.
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light
light
year
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Light travels _________km in one _______ _______.
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9.5 trillion
Earth year
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The North Star (_______) is _ _ _ light years from Earth.
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Polaris
431
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Define Satellite.
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Natural or artificial bodies that revolve around larger bodies like planets.
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List those planets without moons.
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Mercury and Venus
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What is the name of Earth's moon?
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Luna
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For preservation of all impacts to a moon by other objects, what do the conditons have to be?
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It has to have no atmosphere.
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The different phases of the moon are due to the changing positions between the _______ and the ____.
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Earth
Sun
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What is a waxing moon?
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When the sunlit fraction that is visible from Earth is getting larger.
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Name the eight phases of the moon starting from the full moon, and describe what its appearance would be.
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Full moon: full circle, white
Waning Gibbous: oval shaped, getting smaller from right
Last quarter: left half circle
Waning Crescent: Crescent to left
New Moon: full circle, greyish dark
Waxing crescent: crescent to right
First quarter: Right half circle
Waxing gibbous: oval shaped, odd shaped on left.
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1._________ Spectral Class
^ O B A F G K
i 2._________->
3._________
Luminosity
Magnitude 5.__________
4._________ <-------------
Hotter-Colder
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1. Brighter
2. Color of Stars
3. Brightness
4. Fainter
5. Temperature
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What are the wavelengths of visible light?
a. violet
b. indigo
c. blue
d. green
e. yellow
f. orange
g. red
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a. 400-430
b. 430-450
c. 450-500
d. 500-570
e. 570-590
f. 590-610
g. 610-700
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Life Cycle of Stars
Put these in order:
A super nova occurs
Nuclear fusion occurs and causes the star to glow
If it is a massive star, a neutron star will form. If it is a super massive star, a black hole will form.
A nebula collapes due to gravity.
A red giant forms when the hydrogen and helium runs out. The core contracts and the outer layers expand and become less bright.
A main sequence star is formed, and it can live for millions or billions of years.
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5
2
6
1
4
3
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What is a parallax?
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the apparent shift of nearby stars relative to more distant stars as Earth orbits the sun.
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What is an open cluster?
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A group of older stars located in the halo of spiral galaxies.
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What is cosmology?
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The study of the origin and future of the universe.
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What is a black hole?
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Something that is so small and massive that its gravity does not even let light escape.
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What is a white-dwarf?
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A hot star that is near the end of its life.
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What is a spiral galaxy?
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A galaxy that has distinctive arms and a nuclear bulge.
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What is a nebula?
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A giant cloud of gas and dust.
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What is a red giant?
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A large cool star formed when a star runs out of hydrogen.
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What is a pulsar?
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A spinning neutron star.
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What is the apparent magnitude?
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How bright a star looks.
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What is a super nova?
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The explosive death of a star.
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What is a quasar?
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A tiny point of light that is very mall, very far away, and very bright.
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What is a large group of stars in space?
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A galaxy.
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What is the big bang theory?
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A theory that states that the universe began when all of its contents suddenly expanded outward.
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What is a globular cluster?
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A group of stars that form when a lot of gas and dust come together.
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What is the diagonal pattern of stars on a H-R diagram?
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The main sequence.
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What diagram expresses that radiation comes from all directons in space?
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The H-R diagram.
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What is a black dwarf?
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A star that does not give off light.
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Expand.
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To grow larger.
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Glow.
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To shine brightly.
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Core
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the middle
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Sun
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the medium sized star in our solar system.
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Star
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a glowing ball of gas.
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constellation
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a cluster of stars in the sky that can be connected with imaginary lines to make a picture.
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think connect the dots. |
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Describe each kind of galaxy:
Elliptical
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An oval shaped galaxy with a bulge in the middle.
__
/..\\
(....)
\\__/
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Spiral
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Top view: a ball in the middle with swirly arms
Side: a flat line with a bulge in the middle.
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Barred spiral
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1. backwards s with a bulge in the middle line
___
\\
---0---
\\___
2. Pok-e ball
_______
/ \\
----0----
\\_______/
3. "X" Chromosome
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What is an irregular galaxy?
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A galaxy without a particular shape.
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What kind of galaxy is the Milky-way?
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A spiral galaxy.
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The Milky Way has about how many stars?
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200 billion
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The Milky Way has a diameter of how many light years?
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100,000 light years
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Our solar system is located in the _______ arm of the Milky Way.
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Orion
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