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virulence factor of staph aureus - binds Fc-IgG, inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis
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protein A
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superantigen that binds to MHC II and TCR, resulting in polyclonal T cell activation
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TSST - (staph aureus)
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what makes coagulase?
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staph aureus
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antibody to what enhances host defenses against strep pyogenes?
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M protein
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group A beta-hemolytic strep?
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strep pyogenes
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what detects recent strep pyogenes infections?
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ASO titer
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associated with rusty sputum, sepsis in sickle cell, and splenectomy?
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strep pneumo
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most common cause of meningitis, otitis, pneumonia, sinusitis?
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strep pneumo
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what gives immunity to strep pneumo?
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IgG antibodies to surface acidic polysaccharide
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causes pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis mainly in babies
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group B strep (agalactiae) - beta hemolytic, bacitracin resistant
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what is Lancefield grouping based on?
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differences in the C carbohydrate on the bacterial cell wall
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what can grow in 6.5% NaCl
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enterococci
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enterococci can cause what?
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UTI, subacute endocarditis, biliary tract infections
|
|
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bacteria related to colon cancer?
|
strep bovis
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type of strep viridans that can cause subacute bacterial endocarditis?
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strep sanguis
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what does C. perfringens produce?
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alpha toxin
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gram-positive rods with metachromatic granules?
|
corynebacterium diphtheriae
|
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woolsorter's disease?
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bacillus anthracis
|
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inhalation of anthrax spores?
|
flulike symptoms that rapidly progress to fever, pulmonary hemorrhage, and shock
|
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gram-positive anaerobe that causes oral/facial abscesses that may drain through sinus tracks in skin
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actinomyces
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gram positive, weakly-acid fast aerobe that causes pulmonary infection in immunocomprimised patients
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nocardia asteroides
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sulfur granules
|
actinomyces
|
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gram-positive rods forming long branching filaments resembling fungi
|
actinomyces & nocardia
|
|
|
most invasive disease of H. flu is caused by what capsular type?
|
B
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|
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treatment for H. flu meningitis?
|
ceftriaxone
|
|
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treatment for neisseria gonorrhea?
|
ceftriaxone - also z pack or doxycycline because 50% will also be infected with chlamydia
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|
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why don't you want to culture if pt. has epiglottitis?
|
manipulation cause laryngeal spasm
|
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members of enterobacter family (7)
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e. coli, salmonella, shigella, klebsiella, enterobacter, serratia, proteus
|
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what antigen is related to the virulence of enterobacter?
|
K antigen
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all of these ferment glucose and are oxidase negative
|
enterobacter
|
|
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these bacteria grow pink colonies on MacConkey's agar
|
klebsiella, e. coli, enterobacter (KEE), citrobacter
|
|
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salmonella or shigella: motile and can disseminate hematogenously?
|
salmonella
|
|
|
salmonella or shigella: which is more virulent?
|
shigella
|
|
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salmonella or shigella: symptoms may be prolonged with antibiotic treatments
|
salmonella
|
|
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salmonella or shigella: animal reservoir
|
salmonella
|
|
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this is usually transmitted from pet feces, contaminated milk, or pork; outbreaks common in daycare centers
|
yersinia enterocolitica
|
|
|
this can mimic Crohn's or appendicitis & can disseminate to produce lymphadenitis
|
yersinia enterocolitica
|
|
|
arthritis can develop with yersinia infection in patients with what?
|
HLA-B27
|
|
|
vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus
|
contaminated seafood
|
|
|
reheated rice
|
B. cereus
|
|
|
meats, mayonase, custard
|
s. aureus
|
|
|
reheated meat dishes
|
c. perfringens
|
|
|
undercooked meat
|
e. coli 0157:H7
|
|
|
poultry, meat, eggs
|
salmonella
|
|
|
bloody diarrhea; comma or S-shaped organisms
|
campylobacter
|
|
|
is campylobacter motile?
|
yes
|
|
|
e. coli producing shiga-like toxin; can cause HUS
|
enterohemorrhagic
|
|
|
day-care outbreaks, pseudoappendicitis
|
yersinia
|
|
|
protazoan causing bloody diarrhea
|
entamoeba histolytica
|
|
|
protaozoa causing watery diarrhea
|
giardia, cryptosporidium (in immunocompromised)
|
|
