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What are related services?
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services that a child with disabilities may need in order to access and benefit from special education
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To be identified as a student with mental retardation a person must have poor adaptive behavior skills and score 2 _______ below the norm on an IQ test.
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standard deviations
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Heward states which three factors responsible for increased emphasis on parent and family involvement in their children's education?
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1. educator's desire to increase effectiveness
2. legislative mandates
3. parent advocacy
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Name three characteristics of exceptional children.
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1. one with MR
2. 7 yrs old can read colllege material
3. visual impairement which hinders his reading of normal books
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Describe the child find concept.
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States are responsible for locating, identifying, and evaluating all children suspected of having disabilities
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Explain the concept of least restrictive environment.
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1. continuum of placement and services must be provided by schools.
2. IEPsmust justify and explain the extent to which a child wil not participate with nondisabled peers.
3. must be appropriate
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What would a good example be of a person with a handicap in a classroom?
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Connie lost her hearing and, despite a hearing aid, she now has communication problems.
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What does Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 say?
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1. It is civil rights legislation, almost identical to CRA of '64
2. Accessibility to all regardless of ability/disability for programs receiving federal funds
3. MANDATE, NOT GRANT PROGRAM LIKE IDEA
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What is not required by IDEA?
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Appropriate education for students with gifts and talents
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What is one of the four largest disability categories?
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Children with emo/beha disorders
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What is an example of a curriculum-based assessment?
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A student is assessed in content they are leanring in school and classified as needing additional reading instruction
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PARC vs. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
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a free public educaitonwas to be provided and that placement in non-segragated settings was preferable
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What kind of child would probably not receive FAPE under IDEA?
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99% of children are entitiled to education under IDEA
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What is a manifestation determination?
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a rewview of the relationship b/w a student's disability and their misconduct
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Due to Clarence's academic needs, his IEP team felt he should spend most (over 61%) of his day outside of the regular classroom. What setting would this place him on the continuum of services?
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special class/self contained
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The IDEA principle that children cannot be excluded from a FAPE is called what?
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Zero reject
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Robert has ceberal palsy and is physically unable to speak. His teacher helps him learn to use a communication board. What level of interventoin is he receiving?
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Compensatory
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Jasmine will decode a list of 20 words with the intital consonant blends of /sl/, /st/, and /sp/ with 90% accuracty is an example of what?
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Short-term objective
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What are the 3 defining features of special education?
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data driven, child centerd, and outcome oriented.
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What is an example of an LRE?
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all studetns with disabilities are educated with non disabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate
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What was this landmark case:
The history of special education in regard to the education of children with disabilities in regular schools and classes is related to civil rights litigation that stipulated equal access to education.
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Brown vs. Board of Education
Topeka, KS
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What are intelligence tests the single best predictor of?
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school acheivement
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Joyce's IEP team is determinging her LRE. What are three things that she must consider when making this determination?
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1. behavior at lunch and recess
2. functioning in the regular classroom in academic areas.
3. participation in school clubs and athletics
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Classwide Peer Tutoring is a good teaching strategy for all because in includes what three reseach baseed instructional practices?
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1. frequent/direct performance measurement
2. active student responding
3. immediate reinforcement and feedback
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What is the main purpose of a multi-factored evaulation team?
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must provide information about eligibility, a child's needs, and how to meet them
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What is an example of appropriate implementation of PROTECTION in evaluation procedures?
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As Maria does not speak English, a pyschlogist administers her test in her native language
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How do most special educators and thier professional organizations feel about full inclusion?
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A continuum of services must be maintained and IEP goals and placements must remain individualized
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What are three specified components of an IEP and name what that is not.
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1. frequency of service delivery
2. learning goals and objectives
3. who will provide the services
NOT-> statement of parental supports
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What is the most crucial variable for the academic and social successes of children with disabilities?
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quality of instruction they receive
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What does extensive evidence show about the effectivness of education programs with parent involvment?
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increased when parents are involved
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What is the term that implies no judgement and does not equate difference with disability?
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culturally diverse
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When a team meets to decide on an LRE, what are the involved in?
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placement
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What is pre-referral intervention?
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reduces chances of identifying a child for special education who is not disabled
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Melanie was diagnosed with mild MR but there were not biological causes or physical trauma to explain it. What is the cause probably?
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psychosocial disadvantage
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What is dialoguing?
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approach to confict resolution in which both parties try to see easch other's point of view
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What are three reasons by Heward for disproportionate placement of culturally diverse students in special education? (3)
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1. ineffective curriculum
2. incongruity b/w teachers and diverse student
3. inaccurate assessment
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During Milo's math class he participated in instruction that included choral responding, response cards, and computer assisted instruction. These are methods characterized by high rates of:
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active student response
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What is an example of the sandwich techniqe?
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Freddy has a lot of friends in class, and though he still becomes aggressive sometimes, he has the social skills to make amends later.
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What is generalization?
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using new knowledge and skills in settings different from those in which they are taught
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What is the best approach during the acquisition stage of learning?
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ensure feedback after each response
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What is an example of learned helplessness?
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Tom is never successful tying his own shoe3 so he just doesn't do it anymore.
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What is an example of respite care?
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an agency that provides a specially trained babysitter to watch a child with disabilities while parents go see a movie
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Which is an example of a home/school contract?
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Juanita will receive a dessert for dinner if she volunteers in class that day.
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Jane's objective is to learn to use a public pay phone. In an ABA approach what should be the first step?
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Task analysis
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When are most sudents with MR identified?
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elementary school as late as 2nd or 3rd grade
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What is the emphasis on AARM's 2002 system of MR classification?
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development of profiles of needed supports
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Example of the least likely to appear on an adaptive behavior measure:
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does he like to read?
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What question should be asked when determining an appropriate functional academic curriculum for a student with MR as viewd from the student's perspective?
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Will I need it when I'm 21?
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What is adaptive behavior?
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degree to which standards of independence and social responsibility are met in a person's environment
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What is community-based instruction?
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teaching in the actual setting where students are ultimately to use the skills
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