|
An alcoholic vomits gastric contents and develops foul smelling sputum, what organisms are most likely
|
Anaerobes
|
|
|
Middle aged male presents with acute onset mono-articular joint pain and bilateral Bell’s palsy. What’s the likely disease and how did he contract it
|
Lyme disease
|
|
|
Pt with mycoplasma pneumoniae exhibits cryoagglutinins during recovery phase. What type of immunoglobulins are reacting?
|
IgM
|
|
|
Urinalysis of pt shows WBC casts, what’s the DX
|
Pyelonephritis
|
|
|
Young child presents with tetany and candidiasis. Hypocalcemia and immunosuppression are also found – what cell is deficient
|
T-cell (DiGeorge’s syndrome)
|
|
|
Pt presents with rosegardener’s scenario (thorn prick with ulcers along lymphatic drainage)
|
Sporothrix schenckii
|
|
|
Burning feeling in gut after meals – its an ulcer, what’s the bug and classify it
|
H. Pylori
|
|
|
32 y/o male with cauliflower skin lesions. Tissue biopsy shows broad-based budding yeasts. What’s the organism
|
Blastomyces
|
|
|
Breast feeding woman with redness and swelling of breast – likely organism
|
S.aureus
|
|
|
Young child with recurrent lung infections and granulomatous lesions, what is the defect in neutrophils
|
NADPH oxidase (chronic granulomatous disease)
|
|
|
20 y/o college student with lymphadenopathy, fever, hepatosplenomegaly. His serum agglutinate sheep RBCs. What cell is infected
|
B-cells
|
|
|
Infant becomes flaccid after eating honey, what’s the organism
|
C. botulinium
|
|
|
Classify it
|
Gram positive rod
|
|
|
What’s the mechanism
|
Inhibits release of AcH
|
|
|
What exposure leads to squamous cell carcinoma of penis
|
HPV
|
|
|
Pt develops endocarditis three weeks post prosthetic heart valve insertion, what’s the organism(s)
|
S.aureus or S.epidermidis
|
|
|
Pt visits Mexico and gets bloody diarrhea, what RBC ingesting trophozoite will be found in stool
|
E.histolytica
|
|
|
Glossy photo of heart valve w/cauliflower growth, DX?
|
Bacterial endocarditis
|
|
|
Adolescent with cough and rusty sputum, what does gram stain of sputum show
|
Gram positive diplococci
|
|
|
HIV pt with lymphocyte infiltration of CSF. Yeast found in meninges, DX?
|
Crypto
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Give the function of the following:
|
|
|
|
Peptidoglycan
|
Rigid support, protects against osmotic pressure
|
|
|
Cell wall / cel membrane (gram (+))
|
Major surface antigen
|
|
|
Outer membrane (gram (-) only)
|
Site of endotoxin (LPS)
|
|
|
Plasma membrane
|
Site of oxidative and transport enzymes
|
|
|
Periplasm
|
Space between cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane in Gram(-) bacteria
|
|
|
Capsule
|
Protects against phagocytosis
|
|
|
Pilus / fimbria
|
Adherence of bacteria to cell surface, also used as sex pilus
|
|
|
Spore
|
Resistance to dehydration, heat and chemicals
|
|
|
Glycocalyx
|
Mediates adherence to surfaces, esp. foreign surfaces such as indwelling catheters
|
|
|
Which acid of the cell wall activates TNF and IL-1
|
Teichoic acid (unique to gram +)
|
|
|
What’s the equivalent on the outer membrane
|
Lipid-A
|
|
|
What’s in the periplasm
|
Many hydrolytic enzymes, including beta-lactamases
|
|
|
The capsule is constructed from
|
Polysaccharide (except bacillus anthracis which is D-glutamate)
|
|
|
What protects the spore
|
A keratin-like coat, dipicolinic acid
|
|
|
Which cell-wall layer is much thinner on the gram (-) bacteria
|
Peptidoglycan
|
|
|
Name the four phases on the bacterial growth curve
|
Lag phase, log phase, stationary phase, death phase
|
|
|
Endotoxins are unique to
|
Gram (-) organisms
|
|
|
_____ are secreted from the cell
|
Exotoxins
|
|
|
Endotoxins are lipopolysaccarhides, what are exotoxins
|
Polypeptides
|
|
|
endotoxin
|
|
|
|
Which is more toxic
|
Exotoxins
|
|
|
Gram negative endotoxin known to cause
|
Fever and shock
|
|
|
Which has the possibility of a vaccine
|
Exotoxin only
|
|
|
Heat stability
|
Exotoxin – heat at 60 degrees celsius to destroy
|
|
|
Tetanus, botulism and diptheria are typical diseases involving
|
Extoxins
|
|
|
Name something caused by endotoxins
|
Gram negative sepsis
|
|
