Astronomy Ch 7
| Title: | Astronomy Ch 7 |
| Description: | active region A magnetic region on the solar surface that includes sunspots, prominences, flares, etc. (p. 131) <br />aurora The glowing light display that results when a planet's magnetic field guides charged particles toward the north and south magnetic poles, where they strike the upper atmosphere and excite atoms to emit photons. (p. 137) <br />Babcock model A model of the sun's magnetic cycle in which the differential rotation of the sun winds up and tangles the solar magnetic field in a 22-year cycle. This is thought to be responsible for the 11-year sunspot cycle. (p. 133) <br />convection Circulation in a fluid driven by heat. Hot material rises and cool material sinks. (p. 125) <br />coronal hole An area of the solar surface that is dark at X-ray wavelengths. Thought to be associated with divergent magnetic fields and the source of the solar wind. (p. 137) <br />coronal mass ejection (CME) Matter ejected from the sun's corona in powerful surges guided by magnetic fields. (p. 137) <br />Coulomb barrier The electrostatic force of repulsion between bodies of like charge. Commonly applied to atomic nuclei. (p. 138) <br />deuterium An isotope of hydrogen in which the nucleus contains a proton and a neutron. (p. 139) <br />differential rotation The rotation of a body in which different parts of the body have different periods of rotation. This is true of the sun, the Jovian planets, and the disk of the galaxy. (p. 132) <br />dynamo effect The process by which a rotating, convecting body of conducting matter, such as Earth's core, can generate a magnetic field. (p. 132) <br />filament A solar prominence seen from above silhouetted against the bright photosphere. (p. 126) <br />filtergram A photograph (usually of the sun) taken in the light of a specific region of the spectrum - for example, an H-alpha filtergram. (p. 126) <br />flare A violent eruption on the sun's surface. (p. 137) <br />granulation The fine structure of bright grains covering the sun's surface. (p. 125) <br />helioseismology The study of the interior of the sun by the analysis of its modes of vibration. (p. 128) <br />magnetic carpet The network of small magnetic loops that covers the solar surface. (p. 127) <br />Maunder butterfly diagram A graph showing the latitude of sunspots versus time. First plotted by W. W. Maunder in 1904. (p. 130) <br />Maunder minimum A period of less numerous sunspots and other solar activity between 1645 and 1715. (p. 131) <br />neutrino A neutral, massless atomic particle that travels at or nearly at the speed of light. (p. 139) <br />nuclear fission Reactions that break the nuclei of atoms into fragments. (p. 135) <br />nuclear fusion Reactions that join the nuclei of atoms to form more massive nuclei. (p. 135) <br />proton-proton chain A series of three nuclear reactions that builds a helium atom by adding together protons. The main energy source in the sun. (p. 139) <br />reconnection On the sun, the merging of magnetic fields to release energy in the form of flares. (p. 137) <br />solar wind Rapidly moving atoms and ions that escape from the solar corona and blow outward through the solar system. (p. 127) <br />spicule A small, flamelike projection in the chromosphere of the sun. (p. 126) <br />strong force One of the four forces of nature. The strong force binds protons and neutrons together in atomic nuclei. (p. 135) <br />sunspot Relatively dark spot on the sun that contains intense magnetic fields. (p. 124) <br />supergranule Very large convective features in the sun's surface. (p. 127) <br />weak force One of the four forces of nature. The weak force is responsible for some forms of radioactive decay. (p. 135) <br />Zeeman effect The splitting of spectral lines into multiple components when the atoms are in a magnetic field. (p. 131) |
| Number of Cards: | 30 |
| Author: | thesuhys13 |
| Created: | 2006-04-30 |
| Tags: | astronomy |
| Private: | No |
| Favorite Count: | 0 |
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