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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is taxonomy?
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An ordered division of organisms into categories based on a set of characteristics used to assess similarites and differences
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What did Linnaeus create?
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Binomial Nomenclature system
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What is the Hierarchial Classification?
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DKPCOFGS
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Humans' Classification (DKPCOFGS):
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Eukarya Animalia Chordata (Vertebrata) Mammmalia Primata Homindae Homo Sapiens
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What are phylogenetic trees?
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Branching diagram that represents a hypothesis abot evolutionary relationships
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What is a cladogram?
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Diagram depicting patterns of shared characteristics among species
-Does not imply evolutionary history |
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What is a clade?
What is cladistics? |
Within a cladogram, is a group of species that includes an ancestral species and all its descendants
- Cladistics is how species are grouped into clades |
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Monophyletic
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Includes 1 ancestor and its decendants (definition of a clade)
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Paraphyletic
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An ancestral species and some but not all of its decendents
- Fails to be a clade |
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Polyphyletic
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A group of species that lack an ancestral species
- Fails to be a clade |
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2 types of shared characters
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1) Primitive
2) Derived |
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A shared primitive character:
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A character shared beyond the taxon specified
E.g. Hair in Mammals not shared by other vertebrates |
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3 groups of taxons
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1) Monophyletic
2) Paraphyletic 3) Polyphyletic |
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A shared derived character:
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An evolutionary novelty unique to a particular clade
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Outgroup:
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A species or group of species that is closely related to the ingroup
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Ingroup:
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The various species we are studying
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