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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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arteriole
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Small artery
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Bowman capsule
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Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus
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calyx or calix
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Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis
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catheter
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tube for injecting or removing fluids
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creatinine
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Waste product of muscle metabolism; nitrogenous waste excreted in urine.
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electrolyte
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A chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water.
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erythropoietin (EPO)
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A hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow.
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filtration
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Passive process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter or other material.
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glomerulus (plural: glomeruli)
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Tiny ball of caplillaries in cortex of kidney.
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hilum
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Depression or hollow in that part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave.
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kidney
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One of two bean-shaped organs behind the abdominal cavity on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region.
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meatus
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Opening or canal.
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medulla
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Inner region; the renal medulla is the inner region of the kidney.
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micturition
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Urination; the act of voiding.
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nephron
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Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney.
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nitrogenous waste
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Substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine.
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potassium (K+)
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An electrolyte important to body processes. The kidney regulates the balance of potassium concentration within the blood.
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reabsorption
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In this process, the renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream.
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renal artery
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Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney.
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renal pelvis
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Central collecting region in the kidney
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renal tubule
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Microscopic tube in the kidney in which urine is formed after filtration.
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renal vein
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Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart.
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renin
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An enzymatic hormone synthesized, stored, and secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction.
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sodium (Na+)
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An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys
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trigone
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Triangular area in the urinary bladder in which the ureters enter and the urethra exits
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urea
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Major nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine.
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ureter
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Tube leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder.
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urethra
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Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
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uric acid
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A nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine
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urinary bladder
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Hollow muscular sac that holds and stores urine.
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urination
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Process of expelling urine; also called micturition.
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voiding
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Emptying of urine from the urinary bladder; urination or micturition
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cali/o, calic/o
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calyx (calix) - caliectasis
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cyst/o
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urinary bladder - cystitis
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glomerul/o
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glomerulus - glomerular
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meat/o
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meatus - meatal stenosis
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nephr/o
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kidney - nephropathy
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pyel/o
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renal pelvis - pyelogram
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ren/o
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kidney - renal ischemia
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trigon/o
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trigone (region of the bladder) - trigonitis
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ureter/o
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ureter - ureteroplasty
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vesic/o
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urinary bladder - perivesical
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urethr/o
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urethra - urethritis
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albumin/o
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albumin (a protein in the blood) - albuminuria
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azot/o
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nitrogen - azotemia
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bacteri/o
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bacteria - bacteriuria
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dips/o
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thirst - polydipsia
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ket/o, keton/o
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ketone bodies (ketoacids and acetone) - ketosis
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lith/o
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stone - nephrolithiasis
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noct/o
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night - nocturia
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olig/o
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scanty - oliguria
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-poietin
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substance that forms - erythropoietin
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py/o
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pus - pyuria
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-tripsy
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to crush - lithotripsy
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ur/o
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urine (urea) - uremia
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urin/o
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urine - urinary incontinence
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-uria
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urination; urine condition - dysuria
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