Antibiotic resistance

Antibiotics and similar drugs have been used for the last 70 years to treat patients who have infectious diseases (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2015). However, as of recent, bacteria are evolving to form super bacteria that resistant to our known antibiotics (Neu 1992). Each year in the United States, at least 2 million people become infected with bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics. This leads to higher medical costs, prolonged hospital stays and increased mortality. It is…

Introduction Antibiotic resistance is a major threat to the health and wellbeing of the population. Antibiotic resistance has posed challenges to the public health community, while negatively impacting the general population (Another sentence of two about antibiotic resistance in general, the increasing trends and some figures). Today, carbapenemase producing-carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CP-CRE) is a group of gram-negative bacteria that are challenging public health professionals…

of meat, by causing more diseases among animals, increases the use of antibiotics to treat those sick animals. These two, subsequently, promotes the growth of bacteria that is able to resist the effects of a single antibiotic or even many antibiotics. Therefore, today, I am going to emphasize how the overuse of antibiotics in livestock promotes the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Whenever an individual takes antibiotics, sensitive bacteria are…

In the United States and worldwide, there is a serious problem of antibiotic over prescription and unnecessary prescription. This problem represents a tragedy of the commons and negative externality, as each course of antibiotics reduces the overall effectiveness of the drugs and contributes to the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This paper attempts to estimate the negative externality associated with antibiotic prescriptions, especially when they are needlessly prescribed. Further, this…

BSAC method Organism Microbial Resistance (mm) CFX CXM CTX CPM Control 310217 704476/2 706498 310258 CFX = Cefalexin. CXM = Cefuroxime. CTX = Cefotaxime. CPM = Cefepime. R = Resistant. S = Sensitive. Table 2 highlights resistance/sensitive of the dissimilar microorganisms to the different sorts of antibiotics. Data of table 2 demonstrates that E.coli strains produced sort of difference in resistance. 310217 type showed resistant to all antibiotics investigated whereas, E.…

an aerobic organism. S. aureus can cause many different infections. Antibiotic resistance is common for S. aureus. It forms golden grapelike clusters that you can see under a microscope. “20-40% of people carry it in their noses and skin.”(6) Most of the time, S.aureus is transported from the nasal passages to the skin. “Coagulase-positive S. aureus is one of the most dangerous pathogen because it develops antibiotic resistance.”(1) S.aureus can live on the skin without causing harm. There…

A Chemical That Works Against Life Antibiotics (sometimes called antibacterials) are a strong group of medicines that are used to treat infections caused by bacteria and certain parasites. The term antibiotics comes from the Greek terms “anti” (which means “against”) and “bios” (which means “life”) While our scientific knowledge of antibiotics has only recently been developed, the practical application of antibiotics has existed for centuries. Many ancient cultures, including the ancient…

“In the 1980s pharmaceutical manufacturers, thinking infectious diseases were essentially conquered, cut back severely on searching for additional antibiotics” (Levy). Unknowingly, people all over the world are promoting the reproduction and spread of multiple-drug resistant bacteria and viruses. Every continent in the world is connected by easily accessible travel which makes infection effortless. There are numerous amounts of methods can slow down this process and keep people healthy. If the…

Antibiotic consumption is a major driver of antibiotic resistance. Differences in antibiotic resistance across countries result to different volumes and patterns for antibiotic consumption. “Between 2000 and 2010, consumption of antibiotic drugs increased by 36%” (Van Boeckel et al.) Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa Made up the 76% rise. In many countries antibiotic consumption varies greatly with the season. “There was increased…

The ten Petri dishes that will exclusively not contain an antibiotic in bacteria culture serve as the control. There will be ten trials for the control and each level of IV. The experiment began by cleaning the work area and sterilizing it with 70% ethanol. Then trypticase soy agar (TSA) was poured into into six groups of 60 Petri dishes. Sixty different agar dishes were labeled based on the antibiotic used. Then the dishes were left to dry and solidify at room temperature for hour to rid of…