Ecological validity

Gensler: Divine Command Theory Gensler’s main argument for the Divine Command Theory is to argue the moral reasons for the existence of God. He gives the premises that everyone knows objective moral duties. Then comes the idea that if there are objective moral duties there has to be something that makes them moral law. For this the only answer that makes sense is God because it cannot be a person or other individuals in society since we do not have the authority to tell someone is they do…

measure. Construct-based validity evidence is used to measure to the degree that the test is measuring that construct. This type of validity has two subparts: discriminant validity and convergent validity. When constructs are not supposed to be related, discriminant validity checks to see if they are in fact unrelated. On the other hand, when constructs should be related, convergent validity checks to see if they are related. To assess both convergent and discriminative validity, the multi-trait…

overgeneralization. A potential threat to the internal validity of this study was the short amount of time between the start of the study and the onset of the participant’s LCVA. The participant’s performance on tasks within the study might have been influenced by spontaneous recovery. Other similar studies investigating the use of SPT for AOS utilized participants that were at least one year post-onset to control for threats to internal validity. External validity is also compromised because…

O’Brien and Ellsworth choose this design because it permitted an accurate internal validity by allowing casual inferences. The procedure begins with the experimenter randomly assigning participants to the two levels of the operational independent variable, next (uniformed of the final piece of chocolate) and last (informed of the final…

The news article did not capture some key details of this experimental study which can possibly lower the validity of the study. For instance, it did not report exactly how the participants were distributed into each condition. In other words, the article did not mention that participants were assigned to meditation sessions or nourishment sessions randomly.…

It comes as no surprise that the clothing we wear has a major influence on how others perceive us. There are valid reasons why we don’t typically sport sweatpants at job interviews or ripped jeans at funerals; generally, we tend to present ourselves in attire that is socially acceptable so that others are more likely to form positive impressions of us. In this experiment, we examine the effect that clothing has, not only on social perception, but also on social influence, particularly in regards…

Conclusion Validity 4. External Validity The first type of validity is Internal Validity. “Internal Validity is the approximate truth about inferences regarding cause-effect or causal relationships” (Trochim, 2006). You would not use Internal Validity for an observational study but Internal Validity would be appropriate to assess a social program’s effectiveness. You want to know that your program is successful…

Validity in Research When planning research, scholars must consider many factors. Two such factors are is the measure of the construct valid and will the specific measure of the construct result in reliable data (Trochim & Donnelly, 2008). Take for example a study to determine the effectiveness of a specific Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) medication for children ages 8-14 who are diagnosed with ADD, where the researchers yield consistent results for each participant for each dosage for the…

0236566 In this squib, I criticize Norcross’ argument for the claim that Fred would still be acting immoral if he hired someone else to torture the puppies. I then argue that the second premise of Norcross’ target argument is false by providing an objection. My objection shows that there is a situation in which the action itself is immoral, but hiring someone to do it is not immoral. Now I will present Norcross’ target argument in standard form, for the claim that hiring someone else to torture…

Reliability and Validity of Stress and Coping Styles Measurement Although extensive research has been conducted to analyze the factors influencing hopelessness depression (HD), there has been lesser research focused on the factors contributing to HD in adolescence. In “Daily stress and coping styles in adolescent hopelessness depression: Moderating effects of gender,” Rodriguez-Naranjo and Caño aimed to link daily stress and coping styles as factors contributing to HD in adolescence.…