Electromagnetic radiation

BACKGROUND Photosynthesis is a solar-powered process that transforms energy from the sun into oxygen and carbohydrates (Harris-Haller). For the process to occur visible light, water and carbon dioxide have to be present. When photosynthesis has occurred the final product includes organic molecules such as glucose an oxygen (necessary for cellular respiration). There is a significant correlation between photosynthesis and cellular respiration. During photosynthesis, the plant uses carbon dioxide…

Rebecca McKenney Astronomy 101 Mrs. Alburg 25 March 2017 Chapter 2 Review Questions 1. For each of the following wavelength, state whether it is in the radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-Ray, or gamma portion of the electromagnetic spectrum and explain your answer. (Page 37 – 38) Original Number Nanometer (nm) Micrometer (μm) Millimeter (mm) Centimeter (cm) Meter (m) Kilometers (km) Angstrom (Å) 2.6 μm 2,600 2.6 0.0026 0.00026 0.0000026 0.0000000000026 26,000 34 m…

The purpose of this experiment was to use aldol condensation methods to synthesize colored cyclopentadienone and then UV/VIS spectrophotometry to characterize the dienone structure synthesized. The information gathered from the UV/VIS analysis was then compared to a computer model of the desired product to analyze the optimal 3D structure of the dienone. The base catalyzed condensation reaction was used to form the product for analysis, followed by vacuum filtration to recover the product. Both…

This lab module covers the subjects of optical spectroscopy of gas discharges and bond stiffness of materials. Optical spectroscopy can be observed using different types of equipment, such as, a spectrometer, a light collecting fiber, and tubes of certain types of gas (He, H2O, H2 and O2). The data collected displays the peak wavelengths for each of the gases, which can be used to determine the energy released when the electrons change energy levels. Overall, it was interesting to see how…

Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) is a tool to study thermal emission resulting from non-radiative relaxation followed by absorption of radiation. PAS was studied primarily by Alexander Graham Bell, John Tyndall, Wilhelm Rontgen and Lord Rayleigh in 1884. For the history of PAS, was not until 1975 that photoacoustic spectroscopy started to be used as a wide range of different applications. This technique provides the following main advantages over the known types of spectroscopy. The advantages…

These types of energy are measured on an electromagnetic spectrum, which sub-classes the type of energy based on their wavelengths. The higher the wavelengths the higher the energy will be ranked in the seven stages. Next, Electromagnetic Energy is all around us and we are basically waves traveling through space at the speed of light. Therefor Electromagnetic Energy can happen because of an electromagnetic field, forcing an atomic particle to move. Electromagnetic energy gives off wavelengths,…

Electrical Properties AC Conductivity, Ac Resistivity, Dielectric loss, and Dielectric constant are electrical properties and measured as a function of frequency. AC Conductivity and Resistivity AC resistance (ρac) was recorded by LCR meter model 4275 in the frequency range 1MHz to 3GHz. AC conductivity was determined by using the value of Ac resistance. As we know, Ac Conductivity is reciprocal of Ac resistance can be calculated by the relation; ac =1/ρac (6) The variation of AC…

The dielectric loss factor was the most influenstic parameter in this microwave spectrum. The loss factor values increased as a function of frequency and slight modification in spectrum on changing the solute concentration. The ε˝ values obtained in our experiments are almost similar to our earlier work[43]. Above 8GHz the frequency dispersion spectrum of ε΄& ε˝ were superimposed with each other. The spacing between the dielectric values in dispersion spectrum could be attributed to…

For instance, Furthermore, the point sources in the experiment could represent atoms. In X-ray crystallography, X-rays (electromagnetic waves), diffract off the surface of a molecule, which allows for the understanding of its structure. This method uses diffraction patterns, as well as areas of constructive interference to determine the physical characteristics of a molecular…

Observation Why do shadows form? Why does light change directions when it hits a mirror? Why can't you see sun rays in the atmosphere? Why does a sun ray turn into a rainbow when going through a prism? Why do mirages happen? Why does an object's appearance (color) change when in different color light? How do a bunch of tiny colored lights in a television make up just one color? Why in water, does it look like a straw is bent but it really isn't? What happens to a piece…