First Chechen War

to the occurrence of war in Chechnya in 1994. Yeltsin felt increasing threatened by the security problem that Chechnya became for its neighbors. Banditry in Chechnya became a virtually legal form of income and a matter of civic pride. Although Dudayev was the leader of Chechnya, he could not prevent the cross-border raids, which left ethnic Russians and Chechens vulnerable to intimidation. Ruslan Khasbulatov’s increasing popularity as a powerful leader of anti-Dudayev opposition also played a role in destroying the opportunity for Yeltsin and Dudayev to reach a peaceful resolution. From Dudayev’s side, Dudayev failed to negotiate a peaceful resolution with Moscow or effectively run a government due to the fact that he did not know how. In addition, Dudayev’s national defense strategy, which allowed all Chechens to buy guns legally, transformed the state to a “free zone” of violent economic crime and terrorism, and inevitably undermined the state capacity. Dudayev lost his control over the armed population and Chechnya eventually became a security threat to Russia. As shortly mentioned above, the conflicts generated from both Yeltsin’s and Dudayev’s leadership, made the war inevitable. There are four competing explanations for the occurrence of the war in Chechnya: Chechens’…

ethnic-nationalist Chechen conflict was made more complicated and deadly with the introduction of Arab mujahideen. Emboldened by the Soviet-Afghan War, mujahideen flocked to Chechnya; bringing with them Wahhabism as well as criminal and terroristic behavior like drug smuggling, kidnapping and suicide bombing. The modern conflict has spanned from 1994 to the present, covering two official wars and numerous terror attacks against military, political and civilian targets. Driven by a desire for…

years. After the extreme violence experienced during the two Russo-Chechen wars in the 1990s and early 2000s, recent news of increased stability in the North Caucasus are quite welcome. Ethnic conflict in Chechnya goes back much longer than the start of the first Russo-Chechen war in 1994, and tensions in the region were not soothed when the second war ended in 2009. However, with the advent of Vladimir Putin’s strategy of “chechenization,” or giving payments and power to Chechen elites in…

The continuous struggle of powerful Russian interests attempting to impose control on the restive North Caucasia region, define the Russian-Chechen relationship and associated policies. Since the beginning of the 10th century, Russian influence has been resisted by the indigenous Chechen people. The persistent militancy in Chechen opposition leaves little room for doubt in the general wishes for independence and autonomy. Despite this, Russian governments ranging from the Tsarist rulers of the…

The establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922 helped to reduce the role of Islam in Chechnya by forcing adaptations to Soviet centralization. During World War II, a large number of Chechens were deported, further fragmenting the Chechen population, culture, and religion and reducing Islam’s role in the rise of the 1994 conflict as religion was a less central focus in Chechen lives due to their effective refugee status following deportation. Instead, Islam was pushed to the background as…

has had extensive military intervention in Chechnya as to deny its secession. Why was Russia so adamant upon refusing Chechen independence? In this essay, I will try to identify the foremost reason for this intervention, primarily in regards to the First and Second Chechen War. Scholars have disputing…

The Chechens fiercely opposed the Russian conquest of Transcaucasia during the nineteenth century (Shah). Following the Russian Revolution in 1917, Chechnya’s first attempt at declaring its independence was met with Russian occupation (Shah). Upon the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Chechen interest in independence was renewed, and eventually erupted into bloodshed in 1994 with the Russian invasion of Chechnya. The Chechen people have been struggling for independence for centuries,…

language? The Chechen language, or Tsjetsjeens, is a branch of Vainakh of the Northeast Caucasian language family (Nakh-Daghestanian) and has an approximate number of 1.2 – 1.5 million speakers. According to Thompson (2013), the language can be found in the Republic of Chechnya (Russia), Dagestan, Georgia, and can also be found in Central Asian countries like Turkey and Jordan as a result of the Chechen diaspora. 2. What historical events led to the physical threats that the language faces?…

While most of the Belgian government policy had been changed Kayibana kept the system of ethnic identity cards. The Tutsi people who had fled the country began launching attacks into Rwanda, Hutu military troops responded and thousands were killed in these bloody guerilla battles. Tensions between the Hutu country of Rwanda and the Tutsi country of Burundi worsened, by the end of 1962 around 70,000 people had been killed. The Kayibanda regime sought international negotiation, social and economic…

It was claimed that “Oh, East is East and West is West, and never the twain shall meet.”("The Ballad of East and West" is a poem by Rudyard Kipling).It seems that the oriental and the western cannot be with each other. However, after the colonial era, shows that there is harmony between different colored people. In western countries, there is China Town to settle Chinese and provide an opportunity to the local trying Chinese cuisine. Plus, the legislation of anti-discrimination is more…