Hyperglycemia

dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Type 1 diabetes mellitus is “an autoimmune dysfunction involving the destruction of beta cells, which produce insulin in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. It is also characterized as a metabolic disorder by hyperglycemia resulting in the lack of insulin effect. In a person who is suspected of having Type 1 it is triggered usually by a viral infection then the production of antibodies which then kill the beta cells that leads to the decline or lack of…

α-Glucosidase inhibitors are saccharides that act as competitive inhibitors of enzymes needed to digest carbohydrates specifically α-glucosidase enzymes in the brush border of the small intestine. This inhibits the cleaving of di and oligosaccharides to monosaccharides, such as glucose prior to absorption. This delays the absorption of glucose and alters the release of glucose dependent intestinal hormones. Acrabose, Migltol (10) and Voglibases (11) have been extensively studied for their…

and HHS occurs when there is insufficient insulin to transport glucose into the cells. The difference between DKA and HHS is that in HHS an individual has just enough insulin to prevent ketoacidosis but not enough to prevent osmotic diuresis, hyperglycemia, and extracellular fluid depletion (Robbins, Shaw, & Lewis, 2010). DKA is more common in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) clients because these individuals tend to have an absence of insulin, where type 2 diabetes mellitus clients (DM2) are more…

Diabetes Mellitus is a hormonal disorder of the pancreas. Diabetes Mellitus is a lifelong metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from a lack of insulin, which requires lifestyle and behavioral changes. There are three types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2 that are separate and distinct pathophysiological entities, and Gestational Diabetes. According to Kowalski (2012 p.1294) “Type 1 Diabetes results from destruction of the pancreatic beta cells because the beta cells of the…

chemical imbalance known as diabetic ketoacidosis (DIABETES.ORG). DKA causes osmotic diuresis which results in urinary losses of water and electrolytes (sodium and potassium). Potassium levels are initially elevated, however with insulin therapy, potassium shifts into cells and causes hypokalemia (ATI BOOK). Certain stressors and drugs can cause DKA include: acute infection, trauma, pancreatitis, stroke, corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics, and sympathomimetic. Signs and symptoms of DKA…

to be in a state of homeostasis( balance) in order to function properly. Certain conditions however, can cause a disruption in the bodies equilibrium. Diabetes mellitus is a common disease that disrupts the bodies normal sugar levels leading to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar in the blood). There are 2 different types of diabetes mellitus; type 1 and type 2. Knowing the difference between diabetes type 1 and type 2 it’s crucial in order to provide proper treatment to people with living with the…

mellitus (DM) can be categorized by a group of metabolic diseases including hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, the action of insulin, or both. In type one DM, the beta cells are completely destroyed in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas, which leads to insulin deficiency. This can happen at any age, but it mainly occurs before the age of thirty. Type one DM is characterized by hyperglycemia, breakdown of body fats and proteins, and the development of ketosis (which…

controlled, or if improperly controlled, diabetes can kill very quickly. A patient with prolonged hyperglycemia from untreated diabetes will eventually fall into DKA. DKA causes acidosis (an abnormally high acidity level in the body caused by ketones), cerebral edema, altered level of consciousness, dysrhythmia, and eventually death if not treated quickly. Even in cases that are not fatal, prolonger hyperglycemia can cause irreversible brain damage with a fatality rate of 9-14 percent. (Kishore,…

to 5:00 a.m.). The symptoms that are hyperglycemia makes are; high blood glucose, high levels of sugar in the urine, frequent urination and increase thirst. There are ways that people can usually cut down their blood glucose levels and that’s mainly exercising. People generally go straight to their doctor and look for other ways to cut down fat, as exercising might not be option at this time. People who have hyperglycemia don’t usually exercise because they can created the diseases…

energy. Without insulin, glucose can't enter our cells, insulin makes it possible for our cells to use the glucose. The difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia is the level of sugar in the blood. Hyperglycemia is high blood glucose caused by an excessive amount of sugar in the blood while hypoglycemia is a very low level of blood glucose. Hyperglycemia is caused by overeating, not exercising and missing insulin dose. Its treated by insulin. Hypoglycemia is caused by exercising…