Molecular mass

experiment was conducted to determine the molecular weight of acetone and an unknown volatile liquid by using the Dumas Method. Three trials are conducted for each volatile liquid. The molecular weight of the acetone and the unknown volatile liquid was determined by first taking 2mL of acetone and the unknown volatile liquid in a Erlenmeyer flask and heating it to the point where all the of the liquid is completely vaporized. The temperature is measured using a temperature probe from the MeasureNet system after being calibrated. The next step in determining the molecular weight of the two volatile liquids is to find the mass of acetone and unknown after the flask is heated by finding the difference in the mass of the flask before and after…

methods. A flask will be filled to its max capacity and then filled with that gas. After that, the ideal gas law will be used to find mm (the molecular mass of a substance). The equation will be changed to mm=gRT/PV instead of the usual PV=nRT. There are several gas laws exhibited in this experiment. Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures allows us to determine the pressure of the gas by subtracting the water vapor pressure from the total pressure of the flask. The total pressure would be the…

In this experiment Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was performed under reducing conditions to estimate the molecular weight of proteins within a sample. The protein sample was from the previous using anionic exchange chromatography to partially purify N-acetyl--D-hexosaminidase, Lab 3. The molecular weight was determined through the interpolation of a standard curve of proteins with a known molecular weight. The molecular weight of band 1 was determined to…

The substances found on the victims of the crash can be easily identified through simple math. You start by taking the percent values of each element found in the substance and changing it to grams, where one percent equals one gram, so that each element is out of one hundred grams. After finding the grams, you find out the moles of each element by multiplying the gram amounts by the conversion factor, which is 1 mol over the molar mass of the element you are dealing with, 12.01 grams for…

The plot of relative mobility versus the log of molecular mass of the proteins had a linear regression of y = -1.925 + 2.25 and is shown in Figure 5. This was then used to determine the molecular mass of alkaline phosphatase from the observed relative mobility. The molecular mass was found to be 77.264 kDa. FIGURE 5. Relative Mobility vs log of Molecular Mass. This plot shows the relative mobility of each protein on the ladder versus the log of molecular weight had a linear regression of y =…

DNA samples were extracted from sixteen unidentified shark tissue specimens and underwent PCR amplification of CO1 mitochondrial gene. DNA samples were assessed for presence and quality using agarose gel electrophoresis. Species identification was performed by importing finalized CO1 sequences into two DNA databases to ensure accurate identification. Phylogenic analysis was then conducted to determine relationships between identified species. Electrophoresis Electrophoresis of DNA run in 2%…

However, this technique results in a highly purified material unlike the size-exclusion technique. Also, affinity chromatography is useful in understanding the enzymatic activity without knowing other physical and chemical properties of the unknown protein. Size-exclusion chromatography is used in the last stages of protein purification while affinity chromatography is used as the first step in purifying proteins. The limitation to size exclusion chromatography is that the sample can be…

previously homogenized and denatured in Laemmli buffer. The protein samples were diluted to a concentration of 1μg/μl. The different tubes are labeled as follows: GOL for golgi, TUB for tubulin, ACT for actin, MIT for mitochondria, and HEP for non-transfected Hepa-1 cells. SDS-PAGE: A gel was obtained, then while wearing gloves the package was cut open and gel was removed from the cassette. Before putting the gel in the apparatus, the tape on the bottom that is covering the slot was removed. The…

Isotopes are elements that have the same number of protons, but differ in the number of neutrons. Also, isotopes demonstrate the same chemical properties, but vary in atomic mass. 2a. The density difference between the initial DNA (at zero generation) and the DNA after one generation is 0.007 gm. cm-3. Between DNA N14 and N15, the density difference is seen being halved; this is indicated as a half-labeled “hybrid” molecule. Attributed to the results, it is possible for the conservative-based…

PCR History The invaluable molecular technique known as PCR, or the polymerase chain reaction, was discovered by a biochemist named Kary Mullis. Mullis was doing research in the early 1980s at a biotechnology company in California when he initially thought of the idea regarding PCR. PCR was developed by a combination of several techniques already in existence; the synthesis of oligonucleotides and their utilization to synthesize new copies of DNA that were specific using DNA polymerases. Mullis…