Urine

among the Elderly Population Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common lower urinary tract dysfunction defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as an involuntary loss of urine resulting in social or hygienic problems (Abrams et al 2009). Essentially, urinary incontinence is understood as leakage of urine that occurs beyond the control of the individual. In the elderly population, urinary incontinence greatly impacts the quality of life and is characterized as a ‘cardinal…

hormone or even stop the release, and without much ADH hormone in the kidney, it will not save or reabsorb much water from the urine back to blood as there is already too much water in the blood so instead of absorbing water, an excretion of large volume of diluted urine will occur to bring the water level back to normal. If this excess water is not removed from the body as urine, the cells will expand and eventually burst, think of this scenario as a balloon, if you blow too much air into to…

treat a section of the urethra that is too narrow (urethral stricture). The urethra is the tube that moves urine from the bladder out through the tip of the penis. Urethral stricture makes it difficult or painful to pass urine, and can increase your risk of having more frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs). The goal of surgery is to remove urethral stricture and restore the normal flow of urine. Urethrotomy is performed by passing a thin tube with a light and camera on the end (cystoscope)…

well on X-rays. Miniature surgical utensils can be introduced via the cystoscope that let the doctor complete the tissue removal or get rid of the urine samples. Tiny tumors and bladder stones can be eliminated throughout the cystoscopy. This may eradicate the necessity for more surgery, but it might be the reason of blood leavings in the patient’s urine. A grave flow of blood happens infrequently. The patient experienced abdominal ache and a burning feeling when emptying the bladder. These…

contingency management (CM) would reduce cocaine usage cravings and increase the number of negative urine test in cocaine users (Pirnia et al., 2016). In order to test these hypotheses participants were given…

1. In SIADH, high ADH levels interfere with renal free water clearance, leading to hyponatremia and hypoosmolality. SIADH secretion is associated with certain forms of cancer, apparently because of ectopic secretion of ADH by tumor cells. (McCance & Huether, 2014). SIADH makes it difficult for your body to get rid of excess water. This causes a buildup of fluids as well as abnormally low sodium levels, a condition known as hyponatremia. In addition to making it harder for your body to release…

urinary problem if not treated. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra just beneath the bladder. When prostate gland enlarges, the gland presses against the urethra. The pressure causes the urethra to narrow and bladder to work harder to eliminate urine. The bladder may weaken and lose the ability…

exactly. The first ever discovery of HSP was in London of 1801 by a doctor named William Heberden, he had reported “that a five year old boy …was seized with pains and swellings in various parts…He sometimes had pains in his belly with vomiting…and the urine was tinged with blood. Presently, the skin of his leg was all over full of bloarthritis, gastrointestinal involvement, kidney inflammation, and purpuraody points” – www.hopkinsvasculitis.org/types-vasculitis/henochschnlein-purpura/ . All of…

bacteria also produce ammonia, which raises the urine pH, causing “crystals of calcium and magnesium phosphates to precipitate in the urine and in the catheter biofilm” (Stickler, 2014). As this process progresses, the crystalline biofilm can eventually block the flow of urine through the catheter. This causes the urine to either leak along the outside of the catheter or to be retained, causing painful distension of the bladder and reflux of urine into the kidneys (Stickler, 2014). If this is…

Earixson-Lamothe 08-01-2014 Humans have two bean shaped organs located just below the rib cage, one on each side of our spine known as kidneys. Every single day kidneys filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood and produces around 1 to 2 quarts of urine. These fist sized organs are very important because they help to prevent the buildup of wastes, regulate blood pressure, help our bones to stay strong, makes red blood cells, and keeps electrolytes balanced. We need our kidneys to remove…