The Neolithic Revolution established the requirement of agricultural techniques and tools . The upper class citizens and government of the Han Dynasty in 2nd century B.C.E. and Romans in the 1st century B.C.E. had contradicting views on agricultural technology when compared to the lower class peasants of both societies. Government in the Han and Roman society was controlling, operating as a bureaucracy that not only directed the advancements of the civilization, but also the essential needs of the people (Doc 1). Technological advancements such as the pestle, mortar, and contraptions that cooled iron were perceived as gifts from the hands of Tu Shih ,an upper class governor, and Fuxi , a mythological emperor. (Doc )Landscape developments…
Between 200 BCE and 200 CE, the two leading empires in the world were China and Rome, due to their widespread and rapidly expanding territories. Both empires expanded significantly throughout the span of their empires. To control such vast areas, Rome and China implemented comparable practices, yet significantly different. The Chinese government was much more centralized and bureaucratic, when being compared to Rome. In governing such extensive territories, bureaucratic and legal considerations overthrew individual necessities.…
The reign of China’s first emperor, Qin Shi Huangdi, in the third century BCE is known for its unprecedented unity of Chinese lands and for the establishment of the Chinese imperial system. While the 221 BCE unification of the Warring States into a single Chinese state may seem like the natural progression of events in hindsight, it and the subsequent unity in the Qin dynasty was not an inevitable outcome and required active effort to accomplish. Qin Shi Huangdi had to take many measures beyond conquering the last six Warring States to truly bring a sense of unity to his newly-formed empire. Claiming supreme authority and centralizing power allowed him to standardize weights, coins, and script throughout his empire, as well as to build a unifying…
Imperial Rome (31 B.C.E. -476 C.E.) and Han China (206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.) are likely the two most well known empires of the time period Because of their large size and influence. When describing methods of political control, the two mirrored each other in many ways but, in some respects, had contradicting ideas. The methods of political control used by Imperial Rome and Han China were similar regarding their use of political theologies to justify leadership, their centrally structured government, and their use military power, but exhibited different roles of citizens in government and techniques for maintaining order in the lower class. In Imperial Rome and Han China, the leaders used political theologies to explain and justify their rise to…
Each empire had their own form of government. In the Han Dynasty, legalism was used. Legalism was a strict form of government, but it wasn’t used as strictly as it was used in the previous dynasty. The Han also used confucianism for education and government. The goals for their empires government were to have one centralized government and to continue expansion.…
When comparing the methods of political control in Han China (206BCE-220CE) and Imperial Rome (31BCE-476CE), there were many similarities and differences. One way in which they were similar was that both governments were actively engaged in an economic activity which was designed to ensure a stable, working political and social order. One way in which they were different was the way in which they defined methods. One way in which they were similar was the way they went about creating a functional political and social order. Both the Hans and Romans used violence to maintain order within their civilizations.…
Merry Wiesner’s article exploring the imperialistic ways of Ancient Rome and China during the Han Dynasty was quite eye-opening. Both kingdoms were located in very different parts of the world, but they had similar terrains, and obviously a similar way of thinking. They both understood that the people of their country needed to be governed, but monarchy was not the way to go about it. So, in turn, they decided to become an imperialistic society – rule with the use of an emperor. Wiesner poses the following questions in her piece: how did each of these peoples [Han and Rome] redefine political authority to suit a new level of world mastery, and what do their views of imperial authority tell us about the ways in which they understood the state and its power?…
By the age of 22, he had fully taken control of China after killing his former regent, Premier Lü Buwei (Emperor Qin Shi Huang). He forced all aristocrats and nobility to move to the capital, where he would be able to keep an eye on them. Shi Huangdi divided China into military districts and kept order with military and civil administrators, preventing rebellion against him. “The area was divided up in 36 commanderies which were then subdivided into counties. These commanderies had a civil governor, a military commander, and an imperial inspector.”…
Bureaucracy is an organization that focuses on a system of government in which the authority within the bureaucracy is a hierarchy which shows who clearly is in change. . “First, authority is hierarchically structured, making a clear chain of command. Second, selection of personal is competitive and based on demonstrated merit. Third, a specialized division of labor allows for the more efficient completion of assigned tasks. Fourth, bureaucracies are governed by formal, impersonal rules that regulate all facets of the organization.”…
Rome (750 BC – AD 500) and China (350 BC – AD 600) experienced conflicts not only in the physical sense, such as in wars, but also in political struggles, religion, and power. Although each civilization had similarities, like structured governments in the form of emperors and dynasties, they also had differences, like in the way they wrote laws and dealt with handing out those rules. The following paper will discuss the conflicts in which Rome and China faced and how they were dealt with similarly and differently. Politics in ancient Rome and China were very complicated. Most communities usually had a single ruler.…
Two thousand years ago both the Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty were thriving in Italy and China respectively. These two powerful civilizations had completely opposite religions and Government structures, but yet both were able to function as a thriving societies until. Although the Han Dynasty and Roman Empire were based on two completely different beliefs and Government structures, they both had corrupt Governments by the end of their reigns that lead to a weakened army, and lead to terrible living conditions for their citizens, which ultimately lead to both downfalls. Although the Government systems were complete opposites in China and Rome, but both of their leaders were more interested in themselves than the people.…
The period circa 600 B.C.E. to 600 C.E. was significant in imperial expansion and consolidation. Both were extremely prominent in the Roman Empire and Han China. Each region had an effective bureaucracy, large religious influence, and a strong military which promoted imperial expansion and consolidation. An effective bureaucracy played a large role in both Han China and the Roman Empire.…
During the ear of 600-1450, the Sui Dynasty started as a dynasty heavily depended on high taxes and compulsory labor, but changed to a bureaucracy more heavily based on merit, cultural advancement, and epansion in the Tang Dynasty, and then to appointed administration and smaller borders in the Song Dynasty, however throughout this period, the dynasties pushed high taxes on its citizens. The baseline is the Sui Dynasty at the end of its reign circa 600 C.E. During the Sui Dynasty’s reign the government relied heavily on high taxes and compulsory labor. It was demanded of the subjects to build various buildings such as palaces, granaries, and canals. Eventually the dependence on high taxes and forced labor generated hostility.…
The states were centralized, although local officials still maintained limited autonomy. During this period, self-sufficient peasant farmers and artisans ruled the economy. Commerce was relatively frequent, increasing after the Han Dynasty with the development of the Silk Road. By 221BC, the state of Qin unified China, by embracing reform more than any other state. Its Emperor Qin Shihuang was the first emperor in China.…
During the time periods of the Han and Gupta dynasties, both dynasties made contributions to their country’s basic structure that previous dynasties had damaged. During the 400 year period of the Han dynasty, China’s basic political and intellectual structure had been well rounded out and during the time period of when the Guptas were in power, classical India carried out its greatest period of political stability and both economic and cultural life was able to advance. The political and economic institutions of Han China were primarily based on the expansion of bureaucracy within their centralized government and their development of extensive internal trade and merchants. Although Gupta India did share a similarity in their development of…