The results were similar to what was hypothesized. They indicate that the corn chip sample was GMO positive. This was determined because a band was present in lane 4, which contained the corn chip DNA with GMO primers. This result was similar to the band produced by the GMO positive DNA with GMO primers. Since the corn DNA contained the GMO DNA, the GMO primers were able to anneal to the correct segment, and as the PCR cycles continued, the DNA was amplified. Since the PCR produced millions of copies of the fragment DNA, they produced visible bands when electrophoresis was completed. This band did not occur in the lane with the non-GMO barley with GMO primers because the primers were not able to anneal to a DNA segment and initiate the replication. This is because the GMO primers can only attach to GMO DNA.
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The molecular ruler, as seen in Figure 1, did not produce bands that were as bold as the bands produce by the PCR products. This most likely occurred due to the sample not being loaded correctly into the sample well. Some of the contents may have diffused out of the well before the electrophoresis was started, causing lighter bands. Also, there may have been a pipetting error. Loading a smaller amount of the ruler could have caused these results. This study also reveals the many practical applications of PCR. PCR effectively amplifies a target DNA sequence to produce millions of copies. This can be used to produce plasmids for genetic transformations. The target gene can be cloned through PCR and the appropriate primers. Then gel electrophoresis can be used to isolate or separate the DNA fragments, after which the fragments can be inserted into plasmids for genetic transformations. PCR can also be used to diagnose patients with genetic disorders. This can be done by amplifying the problem DNA sequence to test for its presence in the DNA of a
The molecular ruler, as seen in Figure 1, did not produce bands that were as bold as the bands produce by the PCR products. This most likely occurred due to the sample not being loaded correctly into the sample well. Some of the contents may have diffused out of the well before the electrophoresis was started, causing lighter bands. Also, there may have been a pipetting error. Loading a smaller amount of the ruler could have caused these results. This study also reveals the many practical applications of PCR. PCR effectively amplifies a target DNA sequence to produce millions of copies. This can be used to produce plasmids for genetic transformations. The target gene can be cloned through PCR and the appropriate primers. Then gel electrophoresis can be used to isolate or separate the DNA fragments, after which the fragments can be inserted into plasmids for genetic transformations. PCR can also be used to diagnose patients with genetic disorders. This can be done by amplifying the problem DNA sequence to test for its presence in the DNA of a