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Lesion Studies
- Study on patients or animals that have suffered damage or lesions to the brain.
X-Rays
- Displays the brain in a crude 2-dimensional structure using electromagnetic radiation.
- Only reveals major structural damages.
- Wavelength used is usually 0.01 to 10 nanometers.
Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT)
- Uses a series of computerized x-rays to produce tomographic layers to reveal a 3-dimensional image of the brain as well as functional information.
Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
- Displays 3-dimensional image of the brain as well as its functions by detecting gamma rays indirectly through a tracer.
- An invasive method of brain imaging as it requires the injection of radioactive sugars into a patient.
- It is able to detect which part of the brain are active during certain activities but it is largely a misconception that the detected concentration of glucose during a PET scan correlates to brain function.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Medical imaging technique using magnetic fields and radiowaves to provide structural and functional information.
- Less invasive than PET as it requires less exposure to radiation for a patient.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
- Records electrical activity along the scalp over a period of time (usually 20-40 minutes).
- Provides electrical activity and info of he brain and is non-invasive.
Anatomy Of A Nerve Cell
1. Dendrites
2. Cell Body
3. Nucleus
4. Axon
5. Myelin Sheath
6. Nodes of Ranvier
7. Schwaan's Cells
8. Axon Terminals
Cell Body
- Part of the nerve cell containing the nucleus and the dendrites.
Axon Terminal
- Long, slender projections from the neuron cell.
- Hosts axonal transmission.
- Secretes neurotransmitters.
- Also known as the axonal terminal or buotons.
Dendrite
- Short, branched extensions of the cell body that receives information from other neurons.
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