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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Coefficient of Discharge |
ratio of actual flow through the device to the ideal or theoretical discharge |
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Coefficient of Discharge |
Measuring the total amount of fluid passes through the device for a known time |
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Coefficient of velocity |
The ratio of the actual mean velocity to the ideal of theoretical velocity |
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Coefficient of Contraction |
The ratio of the area of the stream or jet to the area of the opening or the orifice |
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Orifice |
Is an opening with a closed perimeter where the fluid flows |
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Laminar flow |
Path of individual fluid do not cross or intersect |
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Re<2000 |
Laminar flow |
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Turbulent flow |
Path of individual particles are irregular and continuously cross each other |
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Re>2000 |
Turbulent flow |
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Critical velocity |
All turbulence are dumped out by the viscosity of the fluid |
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Dimensionless |
Reynolds number |
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Reynolds number |
Ratio of inertia force to viscous force |
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Major head loss |
Caused by pipe friction, uniform diameter and uniform roughness |
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Minor head loss |
Change in velocity or directions pf flow, expressed in terms of kinetic energy |
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Darcy-weisbach formula |
Pipe friction equation |
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Mannings formula |
Open channel formulas and is commonly used in pipe |
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Hazen williams formula |
Widely used in waterworks industry |
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Equivalent pipe |
Pipe system to be replaced by equivalent single pipe |
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Specific energy |
Energy per unit weight relative to the bottom of the channel |
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Uniform flow |
Simplest of all open channel problem |
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Uniform flow |
Velocity, depth of flow and cross sectional area pf flow at any point of the stream must be constant |
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Most effective cross section |
Most economical cross sections |
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Most efficient cross section |
Least wetted perimeter and least cost grading and lining |
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Open channel |
The steam is not completely enclosed by solid boundaries |
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Hydrodynamic |
Study of the motion of fluid and of the interaction of the fluid with its boundaries |
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Law of inertia |
The body at rest will remain at rest or in motion will remain in motion until acted upon by an external force |
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Law of force |
Unbalanced force system, directly proportional to the resultant and inversely proportional to its mass |
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Law of stress |
In every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
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Water hammer |
Resulting shock in a pipeline caused by sudden decrease or stoppage of motion |
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Instantaneous pressure |
Pressure increase reaches up to the pipe entrance |
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Rapid closure |
Physically impossible for a valve to happen |
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Slow closure |
Pressure produce decrease uniformly from the valve to zero intake |
