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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
polar molecule
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a molecule with an unequal distribution of charge as a result of its polar covalent bonds and shape
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solvated
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surrounded closely by solvent molecules
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electrolyte
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a substance that conducts a current when it dissolves in water
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nonelectrolyte
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a substance whose aqueous solution does not conduct an electric current
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molecular equation
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a chemical equation showing a reaction in solution in which reactants and products appear intact, undissociated compounds
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total ionic equation
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a chemical equation for an aqueous reaction that shows all the soluble ionic substances dissociated into ions
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spectator ion
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an ion that is present as part of a reactant but is not involved in the chemical change
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net ionic equation
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a chemcial equation of a reaction in solution in which spectator ions have been eliminated to show the actual chemical change
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precipitation reaction
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a reaction in which two soluble ionic compounds form an insoluble product, a precipitate
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precipitate
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the insoluble product of a precipitate reaction
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metathesis reaction
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(double-displacement reaction)
a reaction in which atoms or ions of two compounds exhange bonding partners |
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acid-base reaction
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any reaction between an acid and a base
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neutralization reaction
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an acid-base reaction yields water and a solution of salt; when a strong acid reacts with a stoichiometrically equivalent amount of strong base, the solution is neutral
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acid
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any species that produces H+ ions when dissolved in water
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base
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any species that produces OH- ions when dissolved in water
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salt
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an ionic compound that results from an Arrhenius acid-base reaction
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titration
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a method of determining the concentration of a solution by monitoring its reaction with a solution of known concentration
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equivalence point
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the point in a titration when when the number of moles of the added species is stoichiometrically equivalent to the original number of moles of the other species
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end point
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the point in a titration at which the indicator changes color
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oxidation-reduction reaction
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(redox reaction)
a process in which there is a net movement of electrons from one reactant (reducing agent) to another (oxidizing agent) |
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oxidation
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the loss of electrons by a species, accompanied by an increase in oxidation number
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reduction
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the gain of electrons by a species, accompanied by a decrease in oxidation number
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oxidizing agent
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the substance that accepts electrons in a redox reaction and undergoes a decrease in oxidation number
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reducing agent
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the substance that donates electrons in a redox reaction and undergoes an increase in oxidation number
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oxidation number
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a number equal to the magnitude of the charge an atom would have if its shared electrons were held completly by the atom that attracts them more strongly
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activity series of the metals
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a listing of metals arranged in order of their decreasing strength as reducing agents in aqueous reactions
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