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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
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12
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Where do each pair of cranial nerves originate?
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the first two pairs originate from the forebrain; other 10 pairs from the brainstem
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Which cranial nerves originate from the midbrain?
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cranial nerves III and IV (oculomotor and trochlear)
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Which cranial nerves originate from the pons?
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(trigeminal, abducens, facial) cranial nerves V, VI, and VII
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Which cranial nerves originate in the pons-medulla border?
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cranial nerves VIII (vestibulocochlear nerves)
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Which cranial nerves originate from the medulla?
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Cranial nerves IX, X, XI, XII (glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, and hypoglossal)
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How can the cranial nerves be classified?
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sensory, special sensory, motor, or mixed nerves
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What is the function of cranial nerves?
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connect areas of the brain with a target area in the head, neck, or organ
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Can both sensory and motor be in one cranial nerve?
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yes
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Which cranial nerves are only sensory?
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I, II, and VIII
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Which cranial nerves are only motor?
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III, IV, VI, XI, XII
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What is the name, function, and innervation of the first cranial nerve?
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the olfactory nerve
-strictly sensory -olfactory epithelium travel to the olfactory bulb and synapse with neurons of the olfacgtory path. the olfactory tracts go to the primary olfactory area in the temporal lobe |
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Which cranial nerves are only motor?
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III, IV, VI, XI, XII
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What is the name and functions of the second cranial nerve?
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optic nerve
-vision; strictly sensory -connects eyeball to the thalamus for relay to the primary visual cortex, and superior colliculus |
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What is the name, function, and innervation of the first cranial nerve?
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the olfactory nerve
-strictly sensory -olfactory epithelium travel to the olfactory bulb and synapse with neurons of the olfacgtory path. the olfactory tracts go to the primary olfactory area in the temporal lobe |
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Describe cranial nerve III
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the oculomotor nerve
-only motor -controls 4 of the 6 external eye muscles and upper eyelid |
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What is the name and functions of the second cranial nerve?
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optic nerve
-vision; strictly sensory -connects eyeball to the thalamus for relay to the primary visual cortex, and superior colliculus |
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What four external eye muscles does cranial nerve three contorl and what are their functions?
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1. medial rectus-crosses eyes
2. inferior rectus-look down 3. superior rectus-look up 4. inferior oblique-look up and away |
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Describe cranial nerve III
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the oculomotor nerve
-only motor -controls 4 of the 6 external eye muscles and upper eyelid |
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What are the autonomic functions of the oculomotor nerve?
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contols internal eye muscles (pupillary and ciliary)
-pupil dilation, relaxes lens |
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What four external eye muscles does cranial nerve three contorl and what are their functions?
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1. medial rectus-crosses eyes
2. inferior rectus-look down 3. superior rectus-look up 4. inferior oblique-look up and away |
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Which cranial nerves are only motor?
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III, IV, VI, XI, XII
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What are the sensory functions of the oculomotor nerve?
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proprioception
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What are the autonomic functions of the oculomotor nerve?
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contols internal eye muscles (pupillary and ciliary)
-pupil dilation, relaxes lens |
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What is the name, function, and innervation of the first cranial nerve?
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the olfactory nerve
-strictly sensory -olfactory epithelium travel to the olfactory bulb and synapse with neurons of the olfacgtory path. the olfactory tracts go to the primary olfactory area in the temporal lobe |
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What is the name and functions of the fourth cranial nerve?
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trochlear nerve
motor functions: -controles the superior oblique eye muscle which rolls eye down and out sensory functions: -proprioception |
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What are the sensory functions of the oculomotor nerve?
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proprioception
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What is the name and functions of the second cranial nerve?
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optic nerve
-vision; strictly sensory -connects eyeball to the thalamus for relay to the primary visual cortex, and superior colliculus |
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What is the name and 3 functions of the fifth cranial nerve?
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the trigeminal nerve
1. general sensation-touch, temp, pain 2. sensory neurons -face, scalp, sinuses mouth -synapses in pons 3. motor -muscles of mastication |
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What is the name and functions of the fourth cranial nerve?
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trochlear nerve
motor functions: -controles the superior oblique eye muscle which rolls eye down and out sensory functions: -proprioception |
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Describe cranial nerve III
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the oculomotor nerve
-only motor -controls 4 of the 6 external eye muscles and upper eyelid |
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Where does the fifth cranial nerve go?
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eyes, maxillary, mandible
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What is the name and 3 functions of the fifth cranial nerve?
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the trigeminal nerve
1. general sensation-touch, temp, pain 2. sensory neurons -face, scalp, sinuses mouth -synapses in pons 3. motor -muscles of mastication |
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What four external eye muscles does cranial nerve three contorl and what are their functions?
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1. medial rectus-crosses eyes
2. inferior rectus-look down 3. superior rectus-look up 4. inferior oblique-look up and away |
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Where does the fifth cranial nerve go?
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eyes, maxillary, mandible
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What are the autonomic functions of the oculomotor nerve?
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contols internal eye muscles (pupillary and ciliary)
-pupil dilation, relaxes lens |
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What are the sensory functions of the oculomotor nerve?
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proprioception
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What is the name and functions of the fourth cranial nerve?
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trochlear nerve
motor functions: -controles the superior oblique eye muscle which rolls eye down and out sensory functions: -proprioception |
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What is the name and 3 functions of the fifth cranial nerve?
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the trigeminal nerve
1. general sensation-touch, temp, pain 2. sensory neurons -face, scalp, sinuses mouth -synapses in pons 3. motor -muscles of mastication |
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Where does the fifth cranial nerve go?
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eyes, maxillary, mandible
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Which cranial nerve is the biggest one we have?
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the fifth
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What is the name and functions of the sixth cranial nerve?
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abducens nerve
1. motor control of the lateral rectus eye muscle, allows us to look laterally |
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What is the name and 3 functions of the seventh cranial nerve?
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facial nerve
1. sensory-taste from anterior 2/3 of the tongue** 2. motor-muscles of face expression 3. autonomics-salivation and tearing |
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What is the name and functions of the eighth cranial nerve ?
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vestibulocochlear nerve
-sensory functions only 2 branches: 1. vestibular branch-balance and equilibrium 2. cochlear branch-hearing |
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What is the name and 3 functions of ninth cranial nerve?
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glossopharyngeal nerve
1. sensory-taste and pain from posterior 1/3 of tongue 2. autonomics -salivation 3. motor -cotrols larynx and pharynx through elevation of the muscle (swallowing) |
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What is the name and functions of the tenth cranial nerve??
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-vagus nerve
1. sensory -organs, vessels, skin, ear, throat 2. autonomics -throat, thorax, abdomen 3. motor -swallowing -everything except reproduction |
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What is the name and functions of cranial nerve eleven?
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-accessory nerve
1.motor -throat (swallowing) -sternocleidomastoid (turns head) -trapezius (pulls up shoulders) 2. sensory -proprioception |
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What is the name and functions of the twelth cranial nerve?
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hypoglossal nerve
1.motor functions -under tongue -speech and swallowing 2. sensory functions -proprioception |
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What functions for cranial nerves are considered sensory?
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special and general senses
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What are special senses?
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sight, taste, smell, hearing, balance
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What are general senses?
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tickle, itch, temp, pain
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What are included as motor functions of the cranial nerves?
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muscle functions of skeletal muscle in the head and neck
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What types of auntonomic functions are included in the cranial nerves?
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to smooth and cardiac muscle, glands
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