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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
DNA
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deoxyribonucleic acid, genetic material, found in the nucleus of each cell
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Nitrogenous bases
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Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine
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Deoxyribose
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the sugar group in nucleotides
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Nucleotide (three parts)
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phosphate group--sugar (Deoxyribose)--nitrogenous base (A, T, C, G)
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Double stranded
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DNA has two strands each one with nucleotides on it.
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Complementary base pairing
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the two strands in DNA bond (covalent) with the opposite nitrogenous base (on the nucleotide) A/T C/G
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DNA polymerase
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during DNA replication the DNA polymerase attaches to each strand and moves along base by base adding the right complementary base each time. Always moves in the 3' to 5' direction. One strand is made completely and the other is made in segments.
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DNA helicase
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during DNA replication the DNA helicase unwinds the DNA Double Helix and breaks the hydrogen bonds between each base pair, makign the DNA into two strands.
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DNA ligase
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peices the segments of DNA together
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Replication fork
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the splitting regions during DNA replication, there are many to speed up the process
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Hydrogen bonds
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(bonds in which water molecules have a natural pull towards eachother) in DNA they create the double helix shape and make the bonds between each base pair
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Purines
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Guanine
Adenine |
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Pyrimidines
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Cytosine
Thymine |
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Semi-conservative replication
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because only half of the original DNA molecule is conserved in each new strand
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Watson and Crick/ Wilkins and Franklin
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Watson and Crick took the first pictures of DNA, which Watson and Crick then use to come up with the structure of DNA.
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Chargaff’s Rules
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that DNA should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases
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