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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Hippocrates
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often called the Father of Medicine. Believed in treating psychological diseases like any other disease and believed the brain is the center function and it was the root of psychological disorders
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Bile theory
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Hippocrates' theory that the body is made up of four main substances: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. An imbalance in one of these is the root of mental illness and restoring these will restore mental health.
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Melancholia
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depression
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sanitariums
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first institutions dedicated to the treatment of the mentally ill. They were temples in Alexandria, Egypt
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Humanistic therapies
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focus on helping people understand and accept themselves. Can help people develop self esteem and a more positive self image as they strive toward self-actualization
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Psychoanalytic therapy
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consists of attempting to reconstruct repressed memories in order to work through painful experiences to achieve a psychologically healthy solution.
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Manifest content
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actual storyline of a dream
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latent content
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meaning of a dream
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free association
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saying whatever comes to mind regardless of how silly or irrelevant it might be
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4 techniques that are part of part of psychoanalytic therapy
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dream interpretation, free association, resistance and transference
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resistance
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unwilling to talk about certain memories
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transference
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shifting emotions onto your therapist
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Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
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involves showing ambiguous sketches to people and having them "make up a story" or describe the situation.
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Psychodynamic therapists
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try to understand someone's problems by looking at childhood experiences, use of defense mechanisms, repressed conflicts and unconscious drives and they set a time limit of when they need to be finished
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Interpersonal therapists
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focus on present relationships rather than past hurts
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Determinism
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the notion that our behaviors and thoughts are not our choice but are "determined" by past experiences
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Carl Rogers
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developed humanistic (client centered therapy)
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humanistic (client centered therapy)
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helps people gain self acceptance through the therapists' empathy honesty and unconditional positive regard
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unconditional positive regard
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the therapist always views the client in a positive light, no matter what he/she says
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active listening
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the therapist restates, reflects, echoes or asks for further clarification
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behaviorist therapy
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getting rid of unwanted behaviors by applying classical and operant conditioning
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4 techniques of behavior therapy
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exposure therapy, aversion therapy, behavior modification techniques, and modeling
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exposure therapy
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involves developing procedures to reduce or eliminate maladaptive responses by exposing the individual to feared stimuli
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systematic desensitization
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counter conditioning technique that associates a relaxed state with increasingly anxiety producing stimuli.
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aversive conditioning
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counter conditioning technique that deliberately associates an unpleasant state such as nausea with an unwanted behavior such as consumption of alcohol.
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reinforcement
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when actions get rewarded
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token economies
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when desired behaviors are rewarded with tokens that can later be exchanged for desired items.
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cognitive therapists
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believe that how we think affects how we feel
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rational emotive therapy
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developed by Albert Ellis. patients are taught to identify, confront, and remove irrational thoughts
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cognitive therapy
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developed by Beck. taught that negative emotions do not come from events, but negative thoughts and perceptions that pop into our mind at the time.
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Biomedical or somatic therapies
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address the body to cause changes in thinking and behavior
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lithium
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drug of choice for bipolar patients
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name the three main categories of drugs used for psychotherapy purposes
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anti anxiety
anti depressant anti psychotic |
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anti anxiety drugs
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Valium, Ativan, Xanax. Help people relax, sleep better, and focus on the tasks at hand. help control anxiety, panic, fear
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anti depressants
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prozac, paxil, pamelor. mood elevators help people feel better about themselves.
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anti psychotics
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thorazine, haldol, and clozaril. alleviate hallucinations and delusions of skitzophrenia patients.
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psychosurgery
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sometimes used in the treatment of epilepsy, OCD, depression, and bipolar disorders
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group therapy
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psychotherpy practices are applied to small groups of people.
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family therapy
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help family members to see the roles they play in a family
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classical conditioning
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learning through CR, UR, US, CS
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operant conditioning
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learning through reinforcements and punishments
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