It is only found on the outside of cells and is attached to the outer surface of the plasma membrane through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol that covalently bind to the C-terminus carboxyl group of the enzyme (8). The total number of structural genes that code for various forms of human AP is unknown, but there are at least three structural genes, each with a specific function: one codes for intestinal AP, one for placental, and another for kidney, liver and bones (3,4). The molecular weights of human AP are different depending on where it originates in the body. For instance, human placental AP has a molecular mass of 132kDa, and each subunit weighs 66kDa while liver AP assumes to be 160kDa (2). Although the physiological functions of the isozymes are still not known at present, the level of alkaline phosphatase in the bloodstream can be a valuable indicator to diagnose liver and bone diseases. In addition, mutations in structural gene that encodes AP can result in Hypophosphatasia. Hypophosphatasia is a metabolic disease that disrupts the process of mineralization by interfering with the uptake of phosphorus and calcium into bones and
It is only found on the outside of cells and is attached to the outer surface of the plasma membrane through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol that covalently bind to the C-terminus carboxyl group of the enzyme (8). The total number of structural genes that code for various forms of human AP is unknown, but there are at least three structural genes, each with a specific function: one codes for intestinal AP, one for placental, and another for kidney, liver and bones (3,4). The molecular weights of human AP are different depending on where it originates in the body. For instance, human placental AP has a molecular mass of 132kDa, and each subunit weighs 66kDa while liver AP assumes to be 160kDa (2). Although the physiological functions of the isozymes are still not known at present, the level of alkaline phosphatase in the bloodstream can be a valuable indicator to diagnose liver and bone diseases. In addition, mutations in structural gene that encodes AP can result in Hypophosphatasia. Hypophosphatasia is a metabolic disease that disrupts the process of mineralization by interfering with the uptake of phosphorus and calcium into bones and