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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the most common causes for skids?
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- Driving too fast for road conditions
- Oversteering - Failing to appreciate weight shifts of heavy emergency vehicles - overbraking - Failing to anticipate obtacles |
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KKK-A-1822C Federal Specificationsstandards recognize how many types f ambulances?
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Three
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Ambulance that has a coventional truck, cab chassis with a modular body.
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Type I ambulance
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Ambulance is a standard vanwith an integral cab body.
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Type II Ambulance
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Ambulance has a cut-away van with a cab chassis with an integral or containerized modular body ambulance.
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Tye III Ambulance
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A vehicle designed primarily for transportating water to fire emergency scenes to be applied to other vehicles or pumping equipment.
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Tanker
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Fire apparatus with a permanently mounted fire pumpf at least 750gpm capacity, water tank, and hose body whose primary pupose is to ombat structural and associated fires.
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Pumper
and Rescue Pumper |
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Fire apparatus with a permanently mounted fire ump of at least 250gpm capacity, water tank, and hose body whose primary perpose is to initiate a fire suppression attack on structural, vehicular, or vegetation fires, and to support associated fire department operations.
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Mini Pumper Initial Attack
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Fire apparatus designed for fighting wildland fires off-road that is equipped with a pump having a capacity normally between 10-500gpm, a water tank, limited hose and equipment, and that has pump and roll capability.
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Brush Trucks
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Special services fire apparatus is a multipurpose vehicle that primarily provides support services at emergency scenes. These services could be rescue, command, HAZMAT, air supply, electrical generation and floodlighting, or tranportation of support equipment and personnel.
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Rescue, walk in
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Special services fire apparatus is a multipurpose vehicle that primarily provides support services at emergency scenes. These services could be rescue, command, HAZMAT, air supply, electrical generation and floodlighting, or transportation of support equipment.
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Rescue, non-walk in
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A brand name of an articuating boom with a platform. It usually has the ability to spray water from the platform permanently plumbed into the system.
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Snorkle
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A smaller articulating boom, usually mounted on an engine. The main purpose is to have an elevated fire stream. This does not make an engine a quint or a quad. This gives the engine's deck gun more reach and versitility.
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Squirt
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A piece of firefighting apparatus that can perform five of the major functions of fire apparatus. These include carry hose, carry water, pump water, and aerial ladder/water tower operations. I may also carry large amounts of ladders.
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Quint
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A hydraulically powered ladder or articulating platforms, mounted on a vehicle that also carries several different-length extension ladders, extrication gear, ventilation equipment, and lighting.
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Aerial Truck
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According to study on human visual and auditory perception by Stephen Solomen and James King in 1995, what color fire trucks are the easiest to see in dim lighting?
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Lime Green (greenish-yellow)
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What are some areas that a driver must be aware of height clearances?
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- Parking Garages
- Bridges or overpasses - covered entrances |
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Where can a driver find informaton on vehicles weight/payload certification?
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On a sticker located on the body in a conspicious location.
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In regards of payoad capacity, what is the standard for the weight of one person?
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175 lbs per person
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For each piece of equipment added to an apparatus, what happens to the passenger weight that can be carried?
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Decreases
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Total stopping distance consists of what three things?
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- Perception time
- Reaction time - Braking time |
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Most authorities recommend a _-second rule as an acceptable following distanc at speeds of 40mph or less, and _-seconds for higher speeds.
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4; 5
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What are the two primary rules regarding speed management?
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-Emergency vehicles must not be driven in excess of the posted speed limits regardless of any traffic law excemption.
- Emergency vehicles must ot exceed cautionary speeds, such as limitations on hills, curves, or ramps that are designed for passenger cars. |
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Steering an emergency vehicle in non-emergency, emergency, or making an evasive manuever requires certain habits such as what?
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-Using both hands on the steering wheel.
-Keeping arms inside the vehicle and not enaging in outside activities. - Maintaining hands at two and ten (nine and three with airbags) |
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When using audible signal what does one, two, and three buzzers mean?
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1- Stop immediatly
2- go forward 3- back-up |
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Lane changing on multi-lane roads can usually be accomplished with little difficulty provided what basic rules are followed?
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- Plan ahead
- Signal intention - Practice space management - Make the change of lanes smoothly - Do not operate an emergency vehicle with its four-way flashers going. This prohibits the emergency driver from properly signaling turn. |
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When turning, what two basic rules need to be followed?
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-Always signal before turning.
- Whenever possible, turn from one proper lane into another proper lane. |
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Passing other vehicles should include what steps?
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- Check traffic both ahead and behind.
- Check sides and double check blind spots. - Signal before initiating the pass. - Accelerate while changing lanes. -Signal before returning to the driving lane. - Check mirror before returning. - Cancel directional signal and resume cruising speed. |
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In an uncontrolled intersection emergency drivers should do what?
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- Scan the intersection for hazards.
- Slow down and cover the brake. - Change the siren cadence not less than 200ft from te inersection. - Avoid using opposing lane of traffic, if at all possible. |
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If a crash is unavoidable, what things can an emergency vehicle driver do?
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- Identify an escape route.
- Brake smoothly and firmly. - Accelerate smoothly and rapidly. - Steer to avoid a head-on impact. |
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One of the easiest ways to see a bump in the road ahead is to do what?
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Watch the vehicles ahead bounce as the hit the bump.
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If you must drive through a pothole what should you do?
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-Release the brakes just as you get to the pothole.
- Hit the pothole squarely, rather than on the side of the tire. |
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Studies have demonstrated that CPR is best performed in a moving ambulance that is being driven at speeds below what?
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25mph
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The suspension system on a vehicle is designed to do what two things?
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1. To keep all four wheels on the ground.
2. To isolate the body and its occupants from the bouncing of the wheels when they ht bumps and uneven road surfaces. |
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What are the four main driving skills?
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- Cornering
- Braking - Accelerating - Maintaining appropriate speed |
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When braking the driver must take what two factors into consideration?
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- Reaction time
- Braking time |
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Being constantly aware of their situation by remaining alert at all times, knowing what's going on all around the emergency vehicle, and defensive driving.
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Situational Awareness
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Doing everything reasonably possible to avoid being nvlved in a reventable crash, regardless f what the law is, what the other driver does, or adverse driving conditions.
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Defensive Driving
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People who follow too closely behind the vehicle in front of them.
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Tailgaters
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Emergency units responding along the same route should maintain a distance between them of?
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300-400ft
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Wha are the three things that can be done to reduce the effects of a crash?
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1. Keep the doors locked.
2. Always wear your seatbelt. 3. Good housecleaning habits also can prevent serious injury. |
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An apparatus driver should only pass a stopped vehicle if they can determine what?
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The reason the vehicle is stopped.
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Backing accidents account for what percentage of all single vehicle crashes involving ambulances?
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85%
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When operating in congested city traffic, and not possible to have two people in the cab of the vehicle, what should be done before proceeding through a busy intersection?
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Slow down and always look twice.
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Wen exitting an interstate roadway, what should the exit ramp be used for?
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deacceleration
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When operating on an interstate/highway you should know the exit you are suppose to take by when?
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By at least one exit preceeding it.
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