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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
organism
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a living thing
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cell
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The basic unit of structure and function in an organism.
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unicellular
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A type of organism that is made up of a single-cell.
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multicellular
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A type of organism that is made up of many cells.
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development
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The process of change that occurs during an organism's life to produce a more complex organism.
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stimulus
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A change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react.
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response
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An action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus.
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reproduce
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The production of offspring that are similar to the parents.
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spontaneous generation
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The mistaken idea that living things arise from nonliving sources.
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controlled experiment
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An experiment in which all factors are identical except one.
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variable
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Any factor that can change in an experiment.
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What 4 things do all organisms need to survive?
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1. energy
2. water 3. living space 4. stable internal conditions |
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energy
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1. Animals use food as their energy source.
2. Plants use sunlight along with carbon dioxide (a gas found in Earth's atmosphere), and water to make their own food. |
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Autotroph
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An organism that can make its own food.
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Francesco Redi
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Redi placed meat in 2 identical jars-one covered, one not. Maggots grew in the uncovered jar but no maggots grew in the covered jar. Redi reasoned that the decaying meat did not produce maggots, but that the flies had laid eggs on the meat in the uncovered jar.
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Louis Pasteur
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Pasteur put clear broth into 2 flasks with curved necks. The necks would allow oxygen in but keep bacteria out. He boiled one flask, but not the other. A few days later, the unboiled broth was cloudy and the boiled broth was clear. Pasteur concluded that bacteria only appear when they are produced by existing bacteria.
The process of pasteurization is named after Louis Pasteur. |
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Heterotroph
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An organism that cannot make its own food.
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How important is water to living things?
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All living things need water to survive, most can live for only a few days without it. Water allows organisms to obtain chemicals from their surroundings, break down food, grow, move substances within their bodies, and reproduce.
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Living Space
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All organisms need a place to live-a place to get food, water, and find shelter.
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Homeostasis
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The maintenance of stable internal conditions despite changes in the surroundings.
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