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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Bipolar disorder
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episodes of low depression the high of mania.
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automatic thoughts
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numerous of unpleasant thoughts that maintain depression, anxiety and other psychological dysfuntions.
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bipolar I
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f a disorders markded by full manic disorsders and major depressive disorder.
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bipolar II
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this is marked by mild manic disorder and major depressive disorder
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couple therapy
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when the terapist work with a couple....
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Depression
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marked by low sadness feeling and lack of energy
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biopolar
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a disorder with mixed mania and depression
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mania
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the opposite of unipolar, state of happiness and frenzy thinks the world is yours.
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how common is unipolar in usa?
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7% of all white middle age women
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symptoms of depression (5)
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emotional- no desire in doing things, motivational-no desire of doing normal activities,behavioral-people are less active, cognitive- people blame themself for bad events in their life and physical.
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depressiver patterns of unipolar depression (6)
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recurrent, seasonal- melatonin level arise during winter. postpartum, malancholic, dysthimic, double depression.
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Biological explanation of unipolar
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genetic, the biochemical- low activity of seratonin and norephrinephine, hormonal and seasonal.
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BIOLOGICAL TREATMENTS FOR UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION
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1-Antidepressants drugs like
(MAO) inhibitors, Trycyclins and SSRI 2-Continuing therapy 3- Electroconvulsions therapy (ECT) |
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MAO inhibitors
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this drugs slowed the body’s production of MAO.
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trycyclins
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this drug work by acting on neurotransmitter “reuptake” mechanism. But it may reduce too much of serotonin and norepinephrine sending the pt back to depression that is why the drug has to be monitor
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samples of SSRI drugs
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(examples- Prozac, zoloft)
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psychodynamic explanation for Unipolar depression
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Symbolic loss- according to Freud is when a person get depress after the loss of valued object which unconsciously is interpret as the loss of a loved one.
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according to the psychodynamic explanation 2 people are most to feel depressed
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oral stage- 1- those who failed to meet thier parents needs and 2- those who parents spoil them and cannot live without them
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psychodynamic therapies for unipolar depression
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free association,- help pt remembers dreams and past feelings to know the cause of their depression.
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example of free association in the psychodynamic therapies
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therapies ask the pt to recall any bad events ,,when a pt was left by mom
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psychodynamic therapies is good for certain group of patients
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depress pt that involves childhood loss or trauma,emptiness and perfectionist.
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behavioral explanation for unipolar depression
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a person experience large reduction in their positives rewards and life becomes depressed.
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behavioral therapy for unipolar depression
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therapist introduce patients to activities they found once pleasure and teach effective skills. therapies reward pt with non- depressive behaviors.
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cognitive explanation of unipolar depression
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lerned helplessness- when a person feel they lost control in their lifeand think their loss are causes of internal and global problems.negative thinking, errors intheir thinking, arbitrary inferences and automatic thouhgts.
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cognitive therapies
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help clients increase their activities, challenges automatic thougts, cognitive triad that help produce their depression.change their negative thinking.
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sociocultural explanation of unipolar disorders
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this is due to influenced social factors and stressfull events.
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interpersonal therapies in the sociocultural perspective
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interpersonal loss, dipute, role transtition, deficit
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sociocultural therapies
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help the patient and couple to address interpersonal and relantionship problems.
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manic phase
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The are inappropriate rises in mood. emotional, motivational behavioral cognitive and physical, the opposite of the unipolar depression.
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describe the manic phase in a person
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Emotional mania way is euphoric joy is out of proportion.
Motivational mania way is constant excitement involvement and seek new friends been behavior mania person who quickly like there is no time to do everything they want to. They talk fast and loud in a conversation. These people are very flamboyant. Cognitive mania person usually show poor judgment and planning, the a very optimism. |
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bipolar I
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The person alternate episode of mania and major depression.
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bipolar II
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mild maniac episode and major depressive episode over the course of time.
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what is interpersonal psychotherapy from the psychodynamic therapies for bipolar?
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by weisman and klerman )A psychotherapy treatment under the socialcultural that belief that changing one person interpersonal problem will lead patient to recovery.
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define interpersonal psychoterapies in the psychodinamic therapies for depression.
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1- Interpersonal loss- the loss of an loved one.
This help the patient to explore their relationship with the lost person and express any anger they amy have , helping to develop a new way to remember the lost person in a good way and seek new relationship. 2- Dispute-When a person have different expectation in their relationship. The therapy examine the differences and develop way to resolved them. 3-Role transition- this happened after a major life changes such as a divorce or a birth of child. In this case the therapy help them to develop social support and skills the new roles require. 4-deficit- when people show or display extreme shyness or social ackwardness that prevents them having a normal relationship. Therapy help them to recognize their deficit and teach them social skills |
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What are the phases of bipolar disorders?
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Bipolar I, bipolar II or cychlothymic disorders
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Explanation of Bipolar Disorder
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1- low seratonin and other neurotransmitters
2-improper transport of ions,back and forth inside the neurons,2- Abnormal brain structure 3-genetic is predispotions. |
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treatment for bipolar disorders
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1-lythium therapy-this med has to be monitor because too low has no effect and can result in intoxication( this is very effective)
2-adjuntic psychotherapy- therapy with lithium treatment. the purspose of this 2 comibine is to help take the med and resolve pt family, social, work problems. |
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what lithium is very good at treatment for bipolar?
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because when is combined witha mood stabilizer may reduce and prevent both manic and bipolar,
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1. When talking with a potential suicidal individual on a suicide hot line, the final step for the counselor is to
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A) establish a positive relationship.
B) understand and clarify the problem. C) assess the caller's suicide potential D) formulate a plan. |
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Gloria has been contemplating suicide for several weeks. She decides one day, with great intention, clarity, and commitment, that she will kill herself. Within minutes, she has successfully committed suicide. According to Schneidman, Gloria is a
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a- death seeker.
B) death initiator. C) death darer. D) death ignorer. |
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The following is most closely related to which explanation of suicide? A young man whose father and uncle committed suicide at about his age also commits suicide.
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A) biological
B) humanistic C) immediate trigger D) sociocultural |
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4. Tanya is a behavioral therapist who exposes bulimic patients to situations that usually cause binge episodes and then prevents them from binge eating. The technique that she is using is called
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A) willpower reinforcement.
B) exposure and response prevention. C) temptation-restriction. D) skillful frustration. |
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Which of Schneidman's categories do most people generally believe that the majority of children who commit suicide belong in?
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A) death ignorers
B) death darers C) death initiators D) death seekers |
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6. Anorexic patients receive a gradually increasing diet over the course of several weeks, encouragement, education, and reassurance that they will not become obese. The form of therapy they are receiving is:
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A) a correction of disturbed cognitions.
B) supportive nursing care. C) changing family interactions. D) autonomy and self-awareness training. |
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7. Daniel has received a diagnosis of terminal cancer. He organizes his financial and personal affairs, tells his wife and children good-bye, and takes an overdose of sleeping pills to avoid a prolonged, painful death. According to Schneidman's, Daniel would be classified as a
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A) death ignorer.
B) death initiator. C) death seeker. D) death darer. |
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Carlos died by intentionally stepping in front of a bullet that was intended for another young man, for whom Carlos, as head of a platoon of soldiers in the Persian Gulf War, was responsible. Durkheim would call this an example of
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A) imitative suicide.
B) anomic suicide. C) altruistic suicide. D) egoistic suicide. |
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9. Schneidman's concept of subintentional death is characterized by
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A) behavior that repeatedly puts a person at risk for death
B) repeated attempts at suicide that are really calls for help C) a disbelief that self-inflicted death will mean the end of existence D) active pursuit of the means to death and a commitment to completing the act |
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Children who cannot accurately interpret their internal condition (that is, are not able to tell if they are upset because they are tired, hungry, afraid, or cold) are likely to develop
___________ , according to Hilde Bruch. |
A) an ability to anticipate the needs of others
B) a strong confidence in their own opinions C) self-control and autonomy D) ego deficiencies and cognitive disturbances |
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People suffering from anorexia nervosa tend to
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A) correctly estimate their body size.
B) vary in accuracy in estimating their body size. C) underestimate their body size. D) overestimate their body size. |
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. If a person taking lithium began experiencing nausea, vomiting, sluggishness, tremors, and seizures, one would suspect:
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A) the person needs adjunctive therapy.
B) the person was not experiencing bipolar disorder. C) the person was experiencing lithium intoxication. D) the dose was too low. |
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answer for sample test
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1. D
2. A 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. D 12. C |
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What is suicide?
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intentional death
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Types of suicides (5)
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death seekers
death initiators death ignore death darers |
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what is suicide
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an interntional death
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death seekers
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this is when a person who keeps trying to kill themselves
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death initiators
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this people want to kill themselves think death is on on the way.
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who are the groups that falls in the death initiators?
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children and a person wiht an illness.
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death dearers
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people with the feeling and the intent to die even at the moment of their attempt. If and examples people who play Russian roulette are death.
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subintentional death
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these are people with an illness and try to kill themselves with medication
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what triggers suicide?
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stressful event
mood changes in thinking substance abuse mental disorder Modeling |
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how can we study suicide?
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1- retroespective anylisis and 2-survivors.
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retroespective anylisis
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collecting information from the person that commit the suicide by autopsy, relatives.
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Patients who suffer from double depression have which of the following patterns of symptoms?
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a. They have both bipolar disorder and unipolar depression at the same time.
b. They suffer from more than one episode of unipolar depression within a 12-month period. c. They suffer from both bipolar I and bipolar II disorder at the same time. d. They suffer from dysthymic disorder, and this leads to a diagnosis of major depressive disorder. |
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Which of the following is a well-known side effect of ECT?
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a. hair loss
b. paralysis of the legs for two to four weeks c. temporary memory loss d. residual tremors and tics of facial muscles |
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Which one does NOT describe a person experiencing mania?
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a. getting little sleep
b. seeking constant excitement c. feeling pessimistic d. euphoric joy |
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Eduardo has suffered from some depressive symptoms for many months now, but he is still able to function in the major areas of his life. His long-lasting symptoms might be most accurately diagnosed as __________ disorder.
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need ans
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The __________ theory holds that women and men are equally prone to depression, but that clinicians often fail to recognize the symptoms in men due to social acceptability factors. The theory has not received tremendous research support.
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??
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According to Beck's cognitive triad, a person suffering from depression makes consistently negative interpretations about their experiences, themselves and their __________.
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??
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The Sociocultural Model of Unipolar DepressionThe cognitive model suggests that people with depression experience __________ thoughts, which are unpleasant thoughts that help to cause or maintain depression, anxiety, or other forms of psychological dysfunction
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??
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Countries with a higher rate of suicides are? give a few samples
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western societies...- examples
Russia, Germany China and Japan. |
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The countries with the lowest suicides rates:
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Egypt, Mexico, Greece and Spain.
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what makes a different in some countries regarding suicides rates and why?
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Country that are religious. Because suicides is prohibited
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A relijious country that has a high rate in suicides
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Austria
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Relijious that makes the country low in suicides?
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catholic, jewish and muslin countries.
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gender with the most attempt of suicide? and why?
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Woman attempt suicide three times more than men. woman use non violent attempt of suicide because of society and their beliefs
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______has tha highest rate than cohabitation individuals and non married couples.
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couples going thru a divorce
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in race_________ has the highest rate of suicides
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white americans
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__________ has also a higher rate in suicides because of poverty and subtance abuse
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native americans
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examples of stressful events that triggers a suicide:
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serious illness, the loss of love one, abusive environment and occupational stress such as a job that creates tension
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top 7 occupational jobs that are most likely to commit suicide
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1-psychiatric,2- psychologist, 3 physicians,4 nurse, 5dentist,6 lawyers and farmers and unskilled labor.
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