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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
measuring, observing, and systematically evaluating (rather than inferring) that client's thoughts, feelings, and behaviour in the actual problem situation or context |
behavioural assessment |
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classification method founded on the assumption of clear-cut differences among disorders, each with a different known cause |
classical categorical approach |
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assignment of objects or people to categories on the basis of shared characteristics |
classification |
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systematic evaluation and measurement of psychological, biological, and social factors in a person presenting with a possible psychological disorder |
clinical assessment |
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the presence of two or more disorders in an individual at the same time |
comorbidity |
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process of determining whether a presenting problem meets the established criteria for a specific psychological disorder |
diagnosis |
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method of categorizing characteristics on a continuum rather than on a binary, either-or, or all-or-none basis. |
dimensional approach |
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measure of electrical activity patterns in the brain taken through electrodes placed on the scalp |
electroencephalogram (EEG) |
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assessment error in which no pathology is noted (i.e., test results are negative) when it is actually present |
false negatives |
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assessment error in which pathology is reported (i.e., test results are positive) when none is actually present |
false positives |
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score on an intelligence test estimating a person's deviation from average test performance |
intelligence quotient (IQ) |
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applying a name to a phenomenon or a pattern of behaviour. It may acquire negative connotations or be applied erroneously to the person rather than his or her behaviours |
labelling |
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relatively coarse preliminary test of a client's judgment, orientation to time and place, and emotional and mental state; typically conducted during an initial interview. |
mental status exam |
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sophisticated computer aided procedures that allow nonintrusive examination of nervous system structure and function |
neuroimaging |
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assessment of brain and nervous system functioning by testing an individual's performance on behavioural tasks |
neuropsychological testing |
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in a naming system or nosology, the actual labels or names that are applied. In psychopathology these include, for example, mood disorders or eating disorders |
nomenclature |
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classification and naming system for medical and psychological phenomena |
nosology |
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self-report questionnaires that assess personal traits by asking respondents to identify descriptions that apply to them |
personality inventories |
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psychoanalytically based measures that present ambiguous stimuli to clients on the assumption that theirresponses will reveal their unconscious conflicts.Such tests are very inferential and lackhigh reliability and validity.
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projective tests |
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system for categorizingdisordersusingbothessential,definingcharacteristicsandarangeofvariationonothercharacteristics.
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prototypical approach |
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measurementof changes in the nervous system reflectingpsychological or emotional events such asanxiety, stress, and sexual arousal
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psychophyisological assessment |
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degree to which a measurement isconsistent—for example, over time oramong different raters |
reliability |
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when people observe their own behaviour to find patterns |
self-monitoring |
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process of establishing specific norms and requirements for a measurement technique to ensure it is used consistentlyacross measurement occasions. This includes instructions for administering the measure,evaluating its findings, and comparing theseto data for large numbers of people.
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standardization |
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system of naming and classification(e.g., of specimens) in science.
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taxonomy |
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degree to which a technique actuallymeasures what it purports to measure.
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validity |