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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Shapes of Bones
Long Bones |
"Long and slender"
Example: humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula |
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Shapes of Bones
Flat Bones |
"spongy bone sandwich"; thin, roughly parallel surface of compact bone
Example: skull, sternum, ribs, scapula |
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Shapes of Bones
Sutural Bones |
Small, flat oddly shaped bones (rare)
Example: flat bones of the skull in suture line |
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Shapes of Bones
Irregular Bones |
Short, flat, notched or ridged with complex shape
Example: vertebrae, bones of the skull |
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Shapes of Bones
Short Bones |
"Boxlike" in appearance; compact and spongy bone
Example: carpal (wrist) and tarsal (ankle) bones |
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Shapes of Bones
Sesamoid Bones |
Small, round, flat, develop inside tendons near joints
Example: patella |
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Bone Markings - Elevations and Projections
Process |
Any projection or bump
Example: cheekbone |
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Bone Markings - Elevations and Projections
Ramus |
An extension of a bone making an angle to the rest of the structure
Example: mandible |
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Bone Markings - Processes Where Tendons or Ligaments Attach
Trochanter |
A large, rough projection
Example: top epiphyses of long bones, opposite of head |
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Bone Markings - Processes Where Tendons or Ligaments Attach
Tuberosity |
A rough projection
Example: small rough projection on diaphysis of femur |
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Bone Markings - Processes Where Tendons or Ligaments Attach
Tubercle |
A small, rounded projection
Example: Bottom or top epiphyses of femur |
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Bone Markings - Processes Where Tendons or Ligaments Attach
Crest |
A prominent ridge
Example: top of pelvic bone |
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Bone Markings - Processes Where Tendons or Ligaments Attach
Line |
A low ridge
Example: lower line of the pelvis |
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Bone Markings - Processes Where Tendons or Ligaments Attach
Spine |
A pointed process
Example: point of pelvis at end of crest |
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Bone Markings - Processes Formed for Articulations
Head |
The expanded articular end of an epiphyses; often separated by a narrower neck
Example: epiphysis of femur that creates the hip joint |
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Bone Markings - Processes Formed for Articulations
Neck |
A narrower connection between the epiphysis and diaphysis
Example: neck of femur behind head |
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Bone Markings - Processes Formed for Articulations
Condyle |
A smooth, rounded articualr process
Example: entire bottom epiphyses of femur that creates knee joint |
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Bone Markings - Processes Formed for Articulations
Trochlea |
A smooth, grooved articular process shaped like a pulley
Example: bottome grooves of epiphysis of femur that forms the knee joint |
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Bone Markings - Processes Formed for Articulations
Facet |
A small, flat, articular surface
Example: opposite side of the trochlea on the condyle or epiphysis of femur |
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Bone Markings - Depressions
Fossa |
A shallow depression
Example: Under side of epiphysis of femur, above trochlea |
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Bone Markings - Depressions
Sulcus |
A narrow groove
Example: groove near head of femur between head and neck |
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Bone Markings - Openings
Foramen |
A rounded passageway for blood vessels or nerves
Example: canal near cheekbone |
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Bone Markings - Openings
Fissure |
An elongated cleft
Example: canal in orbital for optic nerve |
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Bone Markings - Openings
Meatus or Canal |
A passageway through the substance of a bone; often rough
Example: canal in midbrain region of the skull |
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Bone Markings - Openings
Sinus or Antrum |
A chamber within a bone, normally filled with air
Example: nasal passages leading to sinus canals |