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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are short association fibers? |
1. Form U-shaped arcuate fibers immediately deep to cortex 2. Connect adjacent gyri to each other |
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How are long association fibers organized? |
1. Collected in bundles or fasciculi |
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What are the 4 bundles of long association fibers? |
1. Cingulum 2. Superior longitudinal bundle 3. Uncinate bundle 4. Inferior longitudinal bundle |
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What is the beginning, course, and end of the cingulum? |
1. Begins: below rostrum of corpus callosum 2. Runs: into hippocampal gyrus 3. Ends: in uncus |
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What is the function of the cingulum? |
1. Associates medial cortical areas with tentorial surface |
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What is the location of the superior longitudinal bundle? |
1. Lateral to cingulum 2. Extends from frontal pole to occipital bole and adjoining temporal lobe |
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What is the function of the superior longitudinal bundle? |
1. Connects various cortical areas on lateral surface of hemisphere with each other |
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What is the location of the uncinate bundle? |
1. Makes arch over stem of lateral fissure |
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What is the function of the uncinate bundle? |
1. Connects orbital gyri of frontal lobe to anterior part of temporal pole |
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What is the location of the inferior longitudinal bundle? |
1. Runs horizontally from temporal pole to occipital pole near inferior surface |
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What is the function of the inferior longitudinal bundle? |
1. Connects various cortical areas on the tentorial surface of the hemisphere |
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What are commissural fibers? |
1. Connect one part of the CNS on one side of the cerebral hemisphere to the same part on the opposite hemisphere |
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What are the major commissures? |
1. Corpus callosum 2. Anterior commissure 3. Hippocampal commissure 4. Posterior commissure 5. Habenular commisure 6. Optic commissure |
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What are the parts of the corpus callosum? |
1. Rostrum 2. Genu 3. Body 4. Splenium |
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What is the lamina terminalis? |
1. Sheet of grey matter that connects rostrum towards optic chiasma |
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What is the induseum greium? |
1. Covers lower surface of rostrum of CC 2. Extends upwards on genu and backwards on upper surface of body |
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What forms the forceps anterior? |
1. Fibers extending forwards from genu and medially into the frontal lobe 2. Crossing of these fibers at the midline |
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What is the function of the rostrum of the CC? |
1. Connect orbital surfaces of 2 frontal lobes |
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What attaches to the upper surface of the rostrum? |
1. Septum pellucidum |
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What is the function of the forceps anterior? |
1. Connect prefrontal areas on either side |
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Where does the septum pellucidum attach to the genu? |
1. Posterior (deep) |
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What part of the CC forms the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle? |
1. Posterior (deep) |
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What is the body of the CC? |
1. Lies at bottom of median longitudinal sulcus 2. Fibers extend transversely to cross midline 3. Fibers then turn upwards and downwards |
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Where does the septum pellucidum attach to the body of the CC? |
1. Lower surface in median plane |
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To what structures does the lower surface of the body of the CC contribute? |
1. Roof of anterior horn 2. Central part of lateral ventricle |
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What forms the forceps posterior? |
1. Splenium fibers extending backwards and medially into occipital lobe 2. Cross midline |
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What forms the bulb of the posterior horn? |
1. Bulge from fibers of forceps posterior in medial wall of posterior horn of lateral ventricle |
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What forms the tapetum? |
1. Fibers from splenium that extend laterally and downwards into occipital and temporal lobes 2. Forms roof and lateral wall of posterior horn of lateral vetnricle |
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Over what strucutres does the splenium hang? |
1. Corpora quadrigemina 2. Pineal body |
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What is the anterior commissure? |
1. Rounded bundle of fibers that cross midline immediately in front of the column of fornix and behind the lamina terminalis |
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To where does the anterior commissure extend? |
1. Above anterior perforated substance 2. Below corpus striatum |
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What is the function of the hippocampal commissure? |
1. Connects hippocampal gyri on both sides 2. Connects crus of fornix on both sides |
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What is the location of the posterior commissure? |
1. Below stalk of pineal gland 2. Above tectum of midbrain |
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What is the location and function of the habenular commissure? |
1. Location: above stalk of pineal gland 2. Connects habenular nuclei together |
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What is the function of the optic commissure? |
1. Connect optic nerves together |
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What is the location of the septum pellucidum? |
1. Interval between fornix and corpus callosum 2. Forms partition between anterior horns and central parts of lateral ventricles |
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What are projection fibers? |
1. Afferent and efferent fibers that pass through the internal capsule |
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What is the fornix and hippocampal commissure? |
1. Arched structure formed by axons of cells of hippocampus |
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What are the portions of the fornix and hippocampal commissure? |
1. Crus 2. Body 3. Column |
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What forms the alveus? |
1. Axons of cells from the hippocampus |
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What is the fimbria? |
1. Fibers of alveus collect medially to form fimbira of hippocampus 2. Found on floor of inferior horn of lateral ventricle |
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What is the crus of the fornix and hippocampal commissure? |
1. Post-fimbria, fibers emerge from temporal lobe and curve upwards behind the thalamus |
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What is the body of the fornix and hippocampal commissure? |
1. Right and left crura pass upwards and medially to fuse under splenium to form body |
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What does the column of the fornix and hippocampal commissure form? |
1. Anterior boundary of interventricular foramen 2. Anterior boundary of 3rd ventricle
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What forms the common triangular body? |
1. Bodies of 2 fornices connected above 3rd ventricle and 2 thalami by hippocampal commissure |
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What is the tela choroidea? |
1. Double layered fold o fpia matter in TS fissure of brain 2. Between body of fornix (above) to upper surface of thalami and roof of 3rd ventricle (below) |