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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Why should estheticians have a thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology ? |
Because the human body functions as separate components |
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Cells are made up of colorless, jellylike substances called _____ in which food elements such as protein, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts, and water are present. |
Protoplasm |
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The principal parts of the cell include the protoplasm, ___. |
Organelles, nucleus, and cell membrane |
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Found in the center of the cell, the ___ plays an important role in cell reproduction. |
Nucleus |
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Within the nucleus of the cell, there is a fluid that contains proteins and DNA called the ____. |
Nucleoplasm |
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The process by which cells reproduce by dividing into identical cells called daughter cells is known as ____. |
Mitosis |
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Cells will continue to grow and thrive as long as conditions are favorable, such as suitable temperatures, the ability to eliminate waste products, and an adequate supply of ____. |
Nutrients, oxygen, and water |
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The complex chemical process whereby body cells are nourished and supplied with the energy needed to carry on their many activities is called ____. |
Metabolism |
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Fat or ____ tissue gives smoothness and contour to the body. |
Adipose |
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A collector of similar cells that perform a particular function is called a(n) ____. |
Tissue |
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The protective covering on body surfaces, such as the skin; mucous membranes; linings of the heart, digestive, and respiratory organs; and glands is ______ tissue. |
Epithelial |
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Tissue that carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions is known as ______ tissue. |
Nerve |
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_____ tissue supports, protects, and binds together other tissues of the body. |
Connective |
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Collections of tissues that have an identifiable structure and that perform specific functions are _____. |
Organs |
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Groups of organs that cooperate for a common purpose, namely the welfare of the entire body, are known as ____. |
Systems |
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The integumentary system is made up of the _____ and it’s various accessory organs. |
Skin |
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The skeletal system is comprised of ____. |
Bones |
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How would you describe the circulatory system ? |
It controls the blood supply |
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The stomach and intestines are a part of the _____ system. |
Digestive |
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The cranium is made up of how many bones ? |
8 |
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What bone forma the forehead ? |
Frontal |
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The bones that form the sides and top of the cranium are called |
Parietal |
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The vibes that form the sides of the head in the war region are called |
Temporal |
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The bones of the upper jaw are called |
Maxillae |
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The largest and strongest bone of the face is the |
Mandible |
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The hindmost bone of the skull is the |
Occipital |
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The uppermost and largest bone of the arm is the |
Humerus |
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The three parts of a muscle are the |
Orgin, insertion, belly |
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The muscle that enables you to close your eyes is the |
Orbicularis oculi |
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One of the muscles of the jaw used in chewing is the |
Masseter |
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The muscle that draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically is the |
Corrugator |
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The broad muscle that extends from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin and is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip is called |
Platysma |
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The muscle extending alongside the neck from the ear to the collarbone and rotates the head from side to side and up and down is called |
Sternocleidomastoid |
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The large thick triangular shaped muscle that covers the shoulder and lifts and turns the arm outward is called the |
Deltoid |
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The muscles that produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm, life the forearm, and flex the elbow are |
Biceps |
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The muscles that turn the hand outward and the palm upward are |
Supinators |
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The muscles that turn the hand outward and the palm upward are |
Supinators |
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The muscles that straighten the wrist hand and fingers to form a straight line are called |
Extensors |
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The muscles located at the base of each digit that separate the fingers are called |
Abductor |
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The muscles that involve the bending or flexing of the wrist are |
Flexors |
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The muscle that assists in the swinging of the arms is called |
Pectoralis |
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Which part of the nervous system controls consciousness and mental activities? |
Central |
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Estheticians are primarily concerned with three cranial nerves. Which of the following is not one of the three? |
Eighth (8th) ** The threw cranial nerves you are concerned with are the 5th, 7th and 11th ** |
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Which system carries oxygenated blood from the heart throughout the body and back to the heart again? |
Systemic |
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The blood is made up of |
Red and white blood cells, platelets and plasma |
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Which system protect the body from disease? |
Lymphatic |
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The most complex organ of the endocrine system that affects almost every physiological process of the body is the _____ gland. |
Pituitary |
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What secretes enzyme-producing cells responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats ? |
Pancreas |
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Which of the following are part of the female reproductive system? |
Fallopian tubes |
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Which hormone is dominant in males ? |
Testosterone |
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What spongy tissue exchanges air for carbon dioxide? |
Lungs |
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Which part of the breathing cycle absorbs oxygen into the blood ? |
Inhalation |
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The act of moving food along the digestive tract is called |
Peristalsis |
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Which system is responsible for eliminating waste from the body ? |
Excretory |
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How does the skin purify the body ? |
It eliminates salt |
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Which organ discharges bile and helps to break down digestive fat? |
Liver |
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What is anatomy? |
The study of the structures of the human body |
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Which of the following is the study of the structure and composition of tissue ? |
Histology |
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Which of the following is the study of the structure and composition of tissue ? |
Histology |
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If you study the functions and activities performed by the body structures you are studying |
Physiology |
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Which of the following is the study of the structure and composition of tissue ? |
Histology |
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If you study the functions and activities performed by the body structures you are studying |
Physiology |
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Which body system is comprised of the largest organ of the body ? |
Integumentary |
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Which body system forms the physical foundation of the body? |
Skeletal |
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When performing treatments you need to know which system that controls the muscle movements of the face ? |
Nervous |
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With which system can we pass on our genetics from one generation to the next ? |
Reproductive |
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With which system can we pass on our genetics from one generation to the next ? |
Reproductive |
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What is the study of the structure, function, and pathology or the nervous system? |
Neurology |
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Which subdivision of the nervous system controls the five senses ? |
Central |
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Which system has both sensory and motor nerves and carries messages to and from the CNS? |
Peripheral nervous system |
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Which system regulates muscles responsible for respiration and your heart beating? |
Automatic nervous system |
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What is the largest and most complex mass of nerve tissue in the body ? |
Brain |
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What are the nerve endings on sensory nerves called ? |
Receptors |
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What is true about reflexes ? |
They are automatic |
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Which of the following would not be found in the fifth cranial nerve ? |
Buccal nerve |
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What is another name for the seventh cranial nerve ? |
Facial nerve |
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Where would you find the posterior auricular nerve ? |
Seventh cranial nerve |
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Where would you find the posterior auricular nerve ? |
Seventh cranial nerve |
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Where do the cervical nerves originate ? |
Spinal cord |
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Where would you find the posterior auricular nerve ? |
Seventh cranial nerve |
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Where do the cervical nerves originate ? |
Spinal cord |
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Which nerve affects the little finger side of the arm and the palm of the hand? |
Ulnar |
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Which nerve can trigger a sudden drop in blood pressure ? |
Vagus |
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Which blood vessels connect the smaller arteries to venules ? |
Capillaries |
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Which blood vessels connect the smaller arteries to venules ? |
Capillaries |
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What is the largest artery in the body ? |
Aorta |
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What do veins do ? |
Take waste material to the heart for cleaning |
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Which of the following is not true about the blood ? |
Carries away oxygen and waste products to be eliminated through the lungs, skin, and kidneys |
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Platelets are used to _____ . |
Destroy disease causing microorganisms |
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What is the main source of blood supply to the head, face, and neck ? |
Carotid arteries |
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As an esthetician, understanding facial vessel locations helps you avoid doing what during a treatment ? |
Bruising |
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What does the liver do ? |
Secretes enzymes necessary for digestion |
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Why do we need a spleen? |
It fights infection and detoxifies the blood |
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Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system? |
Carries fluid, waste, and impurities toward the cells |