Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cultural Anthropology
|
Used to look beyond the world of everyday, and discover experiences, patterns, and meanings that lie within the world. |
|
Political Anatomy |
A way that people's bodies are controlled by others to operate with the necessary speed and efficacy. |
|
Culture
|
The complex whole that includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. |
|
Indigenous |
Native people.
|
|
Kinds of Anthropology |
1-Archeology
2-Physical Anthropology 3-Linguistics 4-Cultural Anthropology |
|
Archaeologists study
|
-past life behavior |
|
Physical Anthologists study
|
-the evolution of human beings |
|
Descriptive Linguistics
|
The study of languages meanings and sound. |
|
Non literate Language |
When there is no written form of a language.
|
|
Ethnocentrism
|
When you judge others based on your own standards. |
|
Art in anthropology
|
is what is considered pretty and attractive.
|
|
Law in anthropology
|
-what is punishable or not in decided by the culture |
|
Culture Traits
|
Are things found in each culture not matter what. There are over a 150 items that fit this criteria. |
|
Relativistic Fallacy
|
The idea that it is impossible to make moral judgments about the beliefs and behaviors of others.
|
|
Culture Relativism |
Culture is relative and none are better than another.
|
|
Egalitarian
|
All are equal.
|
|
The 5 methods of adaption |
1-Hunting and Gathering, 2-Pasturalization, 3- Horticulture, 4- Intensive Agriculture, 5 Industrial. |
|
Hunting and Gathering
|
-Men are the hunters and woman gather.
-Sexual division of labor |
|
Pastualization
|
-Also known as being nomadic
-Bring a flock of animals with them when moving ex: sheep will eat all the grass in one area so they need to another |
|
Horticultural/Rainfall
|
-Common in tropical regions
-Growing plants for warmth and water -Slash and burn the forest. (Swidden) |
|
Intensive Agriculture |
-Need to bring water to the fields -Development of social class |
|
Civilization
|
City
|
|
Industrial Agriculture
|
-based off of intensive agriculture
-use machines |
|
Ethnographic Method
|
the immersion of investigators in the lives of the people they are trying to understand and through that experience they attain some level of understanding. |
|
Participant Observation
|
The active participation of observers of the lives of their subjects
|
|
The Hadza
|
-Small group of nomadic hunters and gathers in Tanzania (Eastern Africa)
-Their land was rich in resources (animals and plants) -Woman were responsible to plant food gathered and males hunted. |
|
The Ju/ Wasi
|
-People of the Kalahari Desert in Namibia (Southwest Africa) |
|
Virginity Testing
|
In Turkey it is normal for young woman to be tested to see if they are a virgin. This is done on the Wedding night with a sheet on the bed to see a blood. |
|
Cannibalism
|
The Wari practice eating and roasting the dead. It was believed that eating the dead can be used for medical benefits. Wari believed that eating the dead was a compassionate thing to do. By eating the dead the Wari are trying to get rid of the painful memories. |
|
Anthropological Fieldwork
|
Firsthand or direct immerison and observation of the people or culture a researcher is trying to understand. |
|
Participant Observation
|
The active participation of a researcher or observer in the lives of those being studied |
|
Cultural Text
|
A way of thinking about culture as a text of significant symbols, words, gestures, drawings, natural objects that carries meaning. |
|
Sedentary
|
A style of living characterized by permanent or semipermanent settlements. |
|
Progress
|
The idea that human history is the story of a steady advance from a life that depends on the whims of nature to a life of control and domination over natural forces.
|
|
Culture Change
|
The change in meanings that a people ascribe to experience and changes in their way of life. |
|
Irrigation Agriculture |
A form of cultivation in which water is used to deliver nutrients to growing plants. |
|
Population Density
|
The number of people in a given geographic area. |
|
Industrial Revolution
|
A period of European history generally identified as occuring in the late 18th century, marked by a shift in production from agriculture to industrial goods, urbanization and the factory system. |
|
"Putting Out" System
|
A meanns of production, common in the 16th and 17th centuries and surviving today, in which a manufacturer or mechant supplies the materials and sometimes the tools to workers who produce the goods in their own homes. |
|
Factory System
|
A system of production characterized by the concentration of labor and machines in specific places. It is associated with the industrial revolution. |
|
Economic Development |
The term used to identify and increase in the level of technology and the standard of living of a population. Others view it as an ideology based on 3 assumptions. 1-Economic groweth is the solution to global problems. 2-That global economic integration will contribute to solving ecological and social problems. 3-THat foriegn assistance to undeveloped countries will make things better. |
|
World Bank
|
One of the institutions created at the Bretton Woods, New Hampsire, meeting in 1944 of Allied nations. The World Bank functions as a leading institution to nations largely for projects related to economic development. |
|
International Monetary Fund
|
Formed in 1944 at the Bretton Woods COn |
|
SAPS
|
Agreements that are between the International Monetary Fund and indebted countries. This exchange includes a new repayment schedule to reduce their government worforce, lower remaining utility companies, railroads, health facilieis and end government subsidies, reduce taxes on foriegn investors, weaken state environmental and labor regulations. |
|
Pathogen
|
An infectious agent such as bacterium or a virus that can cause disease. |
|
Interpersonal Theory of Disease
|
A view of disease in which it is assumed that illness is caused by tensions or conflicts in social relations. |
|
Indigenous Knowledge
|
|
|
Factory Model
|
An energy intensive, ecologically damaging form of agriculture intended to grow or raise as many crops or livestock as possible in the shortest period of time. |
|
Agroecological Approach
|
Agricultural methods that incorporate indigenous practices of food profuction that preserve the environment along with contemporary agricultural research.
|
|
Commodity Money
|
Money that is backed by something of worth such as gold or silver. |
|
Fiat Money
|
Money that is backed by nothing other than the govement decree that it be accepted for the sale of goods or services or the settlement of debt. |
|
Gross Domestic Product
|
The total of all goods and services bought and sold in a given year. |
|
Capital Conversion |
The transformation of something that has no monetary value into something that can be bought and sold in the market. |
|
Water %
|
Globally only 10 % of water goes toward households. The other 90 % goes toward industy and agriculture.
|
|
Political Capital
|
The freedom we have to regulate our own lives and the access we have to societal leaders and decision makers. |
|
Social Capital |
Relations of reciprocity and trust that enable people collectively to solve their problems. |
|
Neoliberalism
|
A belief that argues for minimal government involvement in the economy and greatly accelerated economic growth. They argue for free trade, strong property rights and free markets. |
|
Market Externalization
|
Costs or benefits of economic transactions that are not included in prices. These may include the environmental, social, or political consequences of market transaction. |
|
Free Trade
|
The removal of barriers to the free flow of goods and capital between nations by eliminating import or export taxes and subsides paid to farmers and businessmen. It may also mean reducing environmental or social laws when they restrict the flow of goods and capital. |
|
Ethnographic Method
|
The immersion of investigators in the lives of the people they are trying to understand and through the experience, the attainment of some level of immersion process utilizes the techniques of Anthropolgical Fieldwork.
|
|
Market Externalities
|
Costs or benefits of economic transactions that are not included in prices. These may include the environmental, social, or political consequences of market transactions. |