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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Human communication by means of shared symbols
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Language
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Consonant that makes use of “clicks,” like in Ashanti
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Implosive consonant
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The archaeology of a society that has written records
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Historical archaeology
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The time needed for one-half of a given amount of a radioactive substance to decay
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Half-life
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The innate capacity of humans to speak grammatically correctly
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Generative grammar
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A subfield of anthropology applied to legal matters. Usually involved in the identification of skeletal remains and the assessment of time and cause of death.
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Forensic anthropology
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The process of making stone tools
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Flint knapping
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Like our consonants
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Explosive consonant
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The process of understanding ancient skills and technologies by reproducing them.
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Experimental archaeology
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A method employed by archaeologists commonly known as “digging.” It takes into account both time and space, i.e., how far down something was uncovered in relation to other artifacts
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Excavation
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The study of the meanings of words, especially as they relate to folk taxonomy
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Ethnosemantics
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Interpreting archaeological data through the observation of analogous activities in existing societies.
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Ethnographic analogy
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Restricting marriage to members of the same culturally defined group
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Endogamy
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Natural or human-made casts of the inside of a skull; the cast reflects the surface of the brain and allows us to study the brains of even extinct species.
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Endocasts
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Here, the two levels of human language: units of sound and units of meaning that those units of sound are combined to create
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Duality
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The ability to communicate about things and ideas not immediate in space or time
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Displacement
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The movement of cultural ideas and artifacts among societies. Cultural borrowing
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Diffusion
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The study of the structure of language in general and of the specific variations among languages
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Descriptive linguistics
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The result of pidgin languages passed down to the next generation; a formal language with larger vocabulary, more complex grammar, and more consistency than its original pidgin language.
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Creole
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What starts or stops the flow of sound created by a vowel
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Consonant
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Concentric circles created in rock from the shockwaves caused by flint knapping. They may be studied to determine where the blow struck and in what direction.
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Conchoidal shells
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Words that are similar in two or more languages as a result of common descent
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Cognates
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Communication systems of all nonhumans, where there may be communication through meaningful signs, but all meanings are specific. Thus, there is a finite amount of things that may be communicated
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Closed communication system
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A geographic continuum in the variation of a trait. A gradual change in the variation over a geographic area.
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Cline
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A radiometric dating technique using the decay rate of a radioactive form of carbon found in organic remains
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Carbon dating
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a puff of air released from the mouth after saying a consonant
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Aspiration
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Here, the fact that the features of human languages bear no direct relation to their meanings but are agreed-on symbols
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Arbitrary
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Dating that gives a specific age, year, or range of years for an object or site.
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Absolute dating
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