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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
anthropology
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study of people, or more precisely humankind
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fieldwork
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"research adventure" where anthropologists learn from first-hand experience
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ethnography
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analysis of another's culture through fieldwork
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culture
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patterns of economy, social organization, and belief that are learned and shared by a group of people
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cultural relativism
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1st: necessary to study life within the context of a particular culture
2nd: all cultural practices have intrinsic value and validity, all are inherently equal in value |
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medical anthropology
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critiques how medicine dominates people and tries to make them normal and similar to others
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biomedicine
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study of the body in relation to health and wellness of the human, based on scientific facts with reasoning, applicable everywhere
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ethnomedicine
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study of healing body through the use of mind, culturally sensitive to belief systems of a particular group
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n/um
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!kung healing energy, 1/2 of men and 1/3 of women use this energy
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placebos
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healing method that uses mind to heal body by tricking body to think that "sugar pill" is the necessary medicine
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medicalization
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process by which health or behavior conditions come to be defined and treated as medical issues
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HIV/AIDS in Haiti
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article 35, about aids epidemic in Haiti
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religion
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belief in gods, or spiritual beings; moral code; belief in human ability to go beyond suffering; rituals involving human w/ extrahuman
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Max Weber theory
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explaining suffering and offering salvation: theodicy (ex. caste system)
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Karl Marx theory
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(opiate of the masses)
- more elite created religion - religion masks social inequality making all equal under religion - to create true egalitarianism/enlightenment needed to do away with religion |
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Sigmund Freud theory
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- people have childlike dependence on religion
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Emile Durkheim theory
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-religion is the way in which society instills values that promote social solidarity necessary for society's survival
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Melford Spiro theory
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religion satisfies cognitive, inellectual needs; substantive, practical needs, and psychological, emotional needs
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theodicy
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human, karma & reincarnation
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opiate of the masses
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karl marx's view of religion, separates people from reality and masks troubles of world
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collective effervescence
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Emile Durkheim's view that religion binds people together
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social solidarity
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Emile Durkheim's view that keeping society separate from others will ensure its survival
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religion and global conflict
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scholarly attempts to explain the salient role that religion so often plays in violent conflict between cultures, civilizations, and ethnic groups
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person/personhood
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- belief about what it is to be a person, what it means to be human
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individual
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- a person with an identity
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dividual
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the body is made of components that are divisible from each other
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egocentric/sociocentric
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ego...: centered on self, cannot sympathize with others/ socio...: regard of one's social group a superior to others
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sweater exercise
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- putting physical meanings to symbols that are interpreted
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maya
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in Indian society, bodily and emotional attachment
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aging
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how do u care/prepare for elderly, preventing bodily changes in aging is one of goals of medicine
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social inequality
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certain groups in society don't have equal status as others, caste system
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social stratification
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hierarchical arrangement of people within a society into divisions of social power and wealth
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race
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categorization of humans within certain groups depending on inheritated traits
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caste
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stratification of groups into social groupings depending on family that one is born into, Indian society
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class
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hierarchical arrangement of people in society as economic or cultural groups
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ascribed status
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status based on unearned traits by birth
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achieved status
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status achieved by merit alone
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varna
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divisions of social groups into castes in Indian society
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jati
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(Hinduism) a Hindu caste or distinctive social group of which there are thousands throughout India; a special characteristic is often the exclusive occupation of its male members (such as barber or potter)
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untouchable, Dalit, Scheduled Caste
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lowest caste in hinduism, "born in pollution, died in pollution", no chance for advancement
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Dr. Ambedkar
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tries to spread buddhism around the country because it doesn't have castes, everyone would have more equal standing
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karma
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cause and effect cycle, every action has an equal and opposite reacion
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white privilege
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believed to be a set of advantages enjoyed by white people such as higher social standing
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urban societies
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societies in highly concentrated areas of population centers
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El Barrio
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east harlem, "Spanish Harlem"
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inner city apartheid
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separation of inner city population depending on racial background
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violence; symbolic violence; structural violence
internalization of violence |
can range from torture, rape, physical violence to oppression, symbolic violence
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structural forces
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kill lower class by making them live below healthy standards, more susceptible AIDS and TB
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agency
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individual responsiblity, ability to react
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resistance
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working for positive change
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cultural or symbolic capital
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- kinds of symbolic or cultural assets through which prestige, honor, and respect are required and assessed
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American Dream
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- land of opportunity w/ family, home and settled job
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ideology
(how Marx’s notion of ideology compares to anthropological notions of culture) |
Karl Marx: ruling class dominates in the formation of culture
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Advertising Missionaries
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wokabout marketing, spread modern lifestyle around to remote areas of Papua New Guinea through acting
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globalization
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ongoing process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a globe-spanning network of communication
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commodification & globalization of domestic labor
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outsourcing of jobs, globalization of these help to spread culture to other parts of world
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cultural imperialism/world homogenization
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practice of promoting one culture over another
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“localization” of global phenomena
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taking global phenomena and making them local, "headdresses on "First Contact"
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indigenous peoples
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4th world, not represented in UN until recently
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World Council of Indigenous Peoples
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representation of 4th world citizens in the UN
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