Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Fosfomycin MoA
|
Monurol
MoA: multiple but mostly through inhibiting N-acteylglucosamine (UDP-GicNAc) enopyruvyl transferase (MurA) for peptidoglycan synthesis |
|
Fosfomycin spectrum
|
Gram negative rods; Enterococcus spp.
|
|
Fosfomycin dosing
|
3 g x1 (highly concentrated in urine). May repeat x1
|
|
Clinical uses of Fosfomycin
|
UTI
|
|
Polymixins MoA
|
Disrupt the membranes by binding to phospholipids
|
|
Are polymixins bactericidal or bacteristatic?
|
Rapidly bactericidal
|
|
What is the spectrum of polymixins?
|
Gram negative: Enterobacteriaceae (not Proteus), Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter
|
|
Clinical uses of polymixins?
|
MDR VAP, bacteremia, meningitis, GI infections
|
|
What other products are polymixins found in?
|
Creams for OTC wound treatment
|
|
Polymixin B route
|
IM 2.5-3 mg/kg daily divided q4-6h
IV 1.5-2.5 mg/kg CI or divided q12h |
|
Polymixin E (colistin, colistimethate sodium) route
|
IM/IV 2.5 to 5 mg/kg/daily divided q6-12h
Inhaled 40-80 mg q12h |
|
Metronidazole MoA
|
Flagyl
MoA: creates reactive radicals that disrupt nucleic acids and proteins Prodrug activated in susceptible organisms only |
|
Which drug is the gold standard for anaerobic bacteria?
|
Metronidazole
|
|
Metronidazole spectrum
|
B. fragilis, prevotella, fusobacterium, H. pylori, Clostridium (C-diff)
|
|
Metronidazole dosing route
|
IV 30 mg/kg/day divided qh
PO 500 mg q8h; 2g x1 |
|
Clinical uses of Metronidazole
|
Anaerobic infections: bacteremia, bone and joint, GI, mouth
STIs: Trichomonas vaginitis |
|
Fidaxomicin MoA
|
Dificid
Non-absorbed macrocytic antibiotic MoA- inhibits RNA polymerase by binding to the DNA template-- RNA polymerase (RNAP) complex |
|
Fidaxomicin spectrum
|
Active against C. diff with little activity against anaerobic gram negative
Studies show may lower C. diff recurrence Similar in activity to oral vanco |
|
Fidaxomicin dosing
|
PO 200 mg q12h
|
|
Fidaxomicin pricing
|
10 day course >$2000
very expensive and a hard sell because similar activity to vanco |
|
Which antibiotic do we worry about a disulfiram reaction with?
|
Metronidazole
Coadministration with disulfiram results in psychotic or confused state |
|
What are products containing disulfirams?
|
Alcohol!
Avoid products containing alcohol such as OTC cold products and IV preparations (diazepam, NTG, PHT, TMP/SMX) |
|
How does metronidazole affect warfarin?
|
Increases risk of bleeds
|
|
What drugs does metronidazole increase the plasma concentrations of?
|
Lithium
Cyclosporine Tacrolimus CBZ PHT |