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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What acts on complex carbohydrates to convert them to simple sugars?
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CARBOHYDRASES
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What are simple sugars called?
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MONOSACCHARIDES
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What in the mouth breaks large polysaccharides into smaller polysaccharides?
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SALIVARY AMYLASE
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What is a large
polysaccharide? |
A STARCH
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What are the proteins called that speed up chemical
digestion? |
ENZYMES
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What are the 2 optimal conditions that allow each enzyme to perform best?
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TEMPERATURE & pH
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A particular enzyme is very specific about the type of chemical bond it will break.
(True or False) |
TRUE
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Name the 3 major classes of
digestive enzymes. |
1. carbohydrases
2. proteases 3. lipases |
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Carbohydrate digestion starts when the food reaches the
____________. |
DUODENUM
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What ions in the duodenum neutralize the acid so that
pancreatic amylase can continue the digestive process. |
Pancreatic Bicarbonate
Ions |
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What 3 enzymes are secreted by the intestinal glands to complete the conversion of all digestible carbohydrates to the monosaccharides?
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1. maltase
2. sucrase 3. lactase |
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Name the 3 monosaccharides that are formed from digestible carbohydrates.
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1. glucose
2. fructose 3. galactose |
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Maltose becomes what?
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2 glucose molecules
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Sucrase action changes
sucrose to? |
Glucose & Fructose
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Lactase actions results in what 2 enzymes from lactose?
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1 glucose
1 galactose |
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The small intestine absorbs these monosaccharides and they are transported to the liver via the ________?
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Hepatic Portal System
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What acts on proteins to release amino acids?
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Proteases
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What protease in the stomach breaks the bonds between some of the amino acids?
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Pepsin
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In the small intestine, what 3 proteases breaks more bonds?
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1. pancreatic trypsin
2. chymotrypsin 3. peptidases |
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__________ from intestinal glands help finish the job of protein digestion with the result being individual amino acids.
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Peptidases
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What acts upon fats (lipids) to result in fatty acids and
glycerol? |
Lipases
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Amino acids are absorbed along with the sugars and are taken to the liver and to all parts of the body to be used for what?
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Protein Synthesis
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What 2 chemicals are responsible for fat digestion?
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Bile & Lipase
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Is bile an enzyme?
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NO
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What does bile do?
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Bile emulsifies the fat,
but does not cause a chemical change. |
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What is the enzyme that
breaks the bonds that connect fatty acids to the glycerol? |
Lipase
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Once the lipases break the bonds, the end products are mainly absorbed rather than stored.
Where are they absorbed? |
Into the lymph stream via the lacteals in the villi and go throughout body to be used for energy or to be stored.
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