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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Selective Permeability
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A membrane that will allow certain molecules or ions to pass through it by diffusion and occasionally specialized "facilitated diffusion".
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Diffusion
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The process in which there is movement of a substance from an area of high concentration of that substance to an area of lower concentration.
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Hypertonic
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In comparing two solutions, refering to the one with a greater solute concentration.
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Osmosis
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Diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal.
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Plasmolysis
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The process in plant cells where the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall due to the loss of water through osmosis.
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Gated Channels
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A protein channel in a cell membrane that opens or closes in response to a particular stimulus.
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Cotransport
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Also known as coupled transport, refers to the simultaneous or sequential passive transfer of molecules or ions across biological membranes in a fixed ratio.
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Amphipathic
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A molecule having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts.
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Passive Transport
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Transport of a substance across a cell membrane by diffusion; expenditure of energy is not required.
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Hypotonic
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In comparing two solutions, referring to the one with a lower solute concentration.
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Osmoregulation
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The maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the fluids of an organism by the control of water and salt concentrations.
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Crenate
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A leaf having a round-toothed or scalloped edge.
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Active Transport
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The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.
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Exocytosis
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A process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane.
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Pinocytosis
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The ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane.
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Fluid Mosaic Model
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A model of membrane structure in which proteins are inserted in a fluid phospholipid bilayer.
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Concentration Gradient
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The increase or decrease in the density of a chemical substance in an area.
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Isotonic
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Having the same solute concentration as another solution.
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Turgid
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The main pressure of the cell contents against the cell wall in plant cells and bacteria cells, determined by the water content of the vacuole, resulting from osmotic pressure.
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Facilitated Diffusion
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The movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration that is assisted by proteins.
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Sodium-Potassium Pump
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A special transport protein that transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.
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Endocytosis
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The process by which cells absorb molecules (such as proteins) from outside the cell by engulfing them with their plasma membrane.
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Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
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A process by which cells internalize molecules by the inward budding of plasma membrane vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being internalized.
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