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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Barron v. Baltimore (1833)
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Bill of RIghts only applies to federal; not state governments
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Gitlow v. New York (1925)
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Bill of Rights applies to federal and state governments
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Lemon V. Kurtzman (1971)
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Supreme Court decision that established Lemon Test
1. have a secular legislative purpose 2.have a primary effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion 3.not foster excessive government entanglement with religion. |
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Zelman v. Simmons-Harris (2002)
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government can fund public religious schools indirectly
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Engel v. Vitale (1962)
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reciting a prayer violates establishment clause
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Abington Twonship v. Schemmp (1963
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Bible Reading violates establishment clause.
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Near v. Minnesota (1931)
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FIrst Amendment protects newspapers from prior restraint.
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Schneck v. USA
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established clear and present danger test.
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Zurcher v. Standford Daily
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decision that a search warrant could be applied to a newspaper as well as to anyone else without violation the FIrst Amendment rights to freedom of the press
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Roth v. USA
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obscenity is not within constitutional area of protected speech or press.
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Miller v. California (1973)
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obcene when
1. the work, taken as a whole, appealed "to a purient interest in sex" 2. "patently offensive" sexual conduct 3. lacked "serious literacy, artistic, political, or scientific value |
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NY Times v. Sullivan (1964)
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you can be sued for libel
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Texas v. Johnson (1989)
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symbolic speech is protected by the FIrst Amendment.
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Miami Herald v. Tornillo (1975)
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Newspapers can endorse 1 candidate
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Red Lion v. FCC (1969)
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there can be restrictions of radio and television broadcasting.
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NAACP v. ALabama (1959)
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protects the rights of people to assemble and have privacy within a group
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Mapp v. Ohio (1969)
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right to privacy must be extended to states
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Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
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established Miranda rights
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Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
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states will give you an attorney if you dont have one.
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Gregg v. Georgia (1976)
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Court does not believe death penalty constitutes cruel and unusual punishment.
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McCleskey v. Kemp (1987)
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decision that upheld the constituitoanlity of dath penalty against charges that it violated the 14th amendment.
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Roe v. Wade (1973)
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state ban on all abortions are unconstituional. Abortion was legal during first trimester, limited abortions during second trimester, and protected the fetus during the third trimester (no abortion)
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Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992)
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It put more regulations on abortion.decision which loosened its standard for evaluationg restrictions on abortions from "strict scrutiny" of any restraitns on a "fundamental right" to one of "undue burden" that permits considerably mroe regulation.
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Scott v. Sandford (1857)
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slave who escaped to a free state enjoyed no right as a citizen.
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Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
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"seperate but equal"
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Brown v. Board of Eduaction (1954)
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outlawed "seperate but equal"
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Korematsu v. USA (1944)
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upheld Japanese internment camps
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Reed v. Reed
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first time upheld a claim of gender discrimination. court ruled that any arbitrary gender-based classification violated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
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Craig v. Boren (1976)
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established "medium scrutiny: standard for determining gender discrimination
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Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)
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held that unviersity cannot admit less qualified people solely on their race.
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Adarand Constructors v. Pena (1995)
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federal programs that classify people by race should be presumed to be unconstitutional.
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Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
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said public school students do not "shed their constitutional rights at the school house door.
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Hazelwood School v. Kuhlmeier (1998)
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Court held that school officials have sweeping authority to regulate fee speech in student run newspapers.
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Thornhill v. ALabama (1940)
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Court held that strikes by unions were not unlawful.
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Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
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COURT HELD THAT AMISH PEOPLE MAY PULL STUDENTS OUT OF SCHOOL AT AGE 16 DUE TO RELIGIOUS REASONS
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Weeks v. US (1914)
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established exclusionary rule
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Powell v. Alabama (1932)
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court ruled that states must provide attorney in death penalty case.
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Betts v. Brady (1942)
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established that state governments did not have to provide lawyers to indigent defendants in capital cases.
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Escobedo v. Illinois (1964)
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defendant gets a lawyer or anuy confession garnered after that point would be inadmissible in court.
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Furman v. Georgia (1972)
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held a halt to all death penalty punishments in the nation until a less arbitrary method of sentencing was found.
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Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
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husbands and wives make their own decisions on birth control
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Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1987)
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It made minors notify one or both parents or a judge before obtaining an abortion. States do not have to fund abortion
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Brown v. Board 2nd(1955)
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ordered schools to desegregate "with all due and deliberate speed."
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SHAW V. RENO (1993)
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Court decried the creation of districts based solely on racial composition.
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MILLER v. Johnson (1995)
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Court rejected the efforts of the Justice Department to achieve the maximum possible number of minority districts.
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Guinn v. USA
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grandfather clause was unconstituional
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Smith v. Allwright
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declated white primaries are unconstituitonal
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Sweatt v Painter (1950)
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finds the "seperate but equal" formula generally unacceptable in professional schools.
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Employment Division v. Smith
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the Supreme Court ruled that states can prohibit certain religious practices, but not religion itself.
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United States v. Leon
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established good-faith exception
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Dickerson v. USA
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supported the Miranda decision
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Argersinger v. Hamlin
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a lawyer must be provided for the accused whenever imprisonment could be imposed
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Sternberg v. Carhart
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Nebraska's prohibition of "partial birth" abortions was unconstitutional because it placed an undue burden on women seeking an abortion by limiting their options to less safe procedures and because the law provided no exception for cases where the health of the mother was at risk
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Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections (1966)
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invalidated poll taxes in state elections
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Faragher v. City of Boca Raton
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The Court made it clear that employers are responsible for preventing and eliminating harassment at work
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Gratz v. Bollinger
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the Court struck down the University of Michigan's system of undergraduate admissions in which every applicant from an underrepresented racial or ethnic minority group was automatically awarded 20 points of the 100 needed to guarantee admission.
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Wolf v. Colorado
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fourth amendment is applicable to states however exclusionary rule is not.
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Lee v. Weisman (1992)
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religious leader speaking at a public ceremony is unconstitutional.
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