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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
long bones
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much longer than they are wide.
ex: femur, humerus |
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short bones
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have a cuboidal shape
ex: bones of wrist and ankle |
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flat bones
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thin, flattened, and have a slightly curved shape.
ex: sternum, scapula, skull bones, ribs |
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irregular bones
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dont fit into any other category.
ex: vertebrae, hip-bones |
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sesamoid bones
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short bones embedded in a tendon.
ex: patella |
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projections or processes
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the site of muscle and ligament attachment. some are also articulations between bones.
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depressions and openings
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allow blood vessels and nerves to pass through bones
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axial skeleton
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forms the vertical axis of the body. it supports and carries other body parts.
made of the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage |
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appendicular skeleton
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is attached to the axial skeleton and is responsible for movement.
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process
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general projection.
ex: xiphoid process of sternum |
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tuberosity
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relatively large, rough area.
ex: radial tuberosity of radius |
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tubercle
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relatively small bump
ex: lesser tubercle of humerus |
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trochanter
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large bump on femur
ex: greater trochanter of femur |
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condyle
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irregular, smooth, articulation surface.
ex: occipital condoyles |
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epicondolye
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bump on a condoyle
ex: lateral epicondolye of femur |
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head
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round articulation surface
ex: head of the ulna |
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neck
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construction below head
ex: neck of the radius |
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crest
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ridge
ex: anterior crest of the tibia |
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line
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smaller ridge
ex: gluteal line of the ilium |
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facet
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smooth, flat articulation surface
ex: superior articular facet of rib |
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spine
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short and sharp projection
ex: ischial spine |
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ramus
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branch
ex: superior ramus of pubis |
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foramen
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shallow hole
ex: mental foramen |
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meatus or canal
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deep hole
ex: external auditory meatus |
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groove or sulcus
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long depression
ex: costal groove of rib |
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fossa
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shallow depression
ex: supraspinous fossa of scapula |
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notch
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deep depression
ex: subscapular notch of scapula |
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sinus
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cavity
ex: ethmoid sinuses |
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fissure
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long, deep cut-out
ex: superior orbital fissure |
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skull is composed of
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cranium and facial bones
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orbit
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eye socket
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sutures
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interlocking joint that connect all bones of the skull, except the mandible
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intervertebral discs
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separate the vertebrae. prevents shock to the head and provides flexibility to the trunk
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primary curvatures
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found in the thoracic and sacral vertebrae. are well developed at the time of birth. create additional space for the internal organs
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secondary curvatures
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comprised of the cervical and lumbar vertebra. they form as a child develops the ability to hold its head up or walk.
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thoracic cage
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cone-shaped enclosure that protects the lungs and heart. consists of the sternum and 12 pairs of ribs.
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