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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is the function of the appendicular muscles?
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to control the movements of the upper and lower limbs, and stabilize and control the movements of the pectoral and pelvic girdles
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what muscles does this include?
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muscles that move the pectoral girdle and upper limbs
muscles that move the pelvic girdle and lower limbs |
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the muscles of the pectoral girdle originate on the _____ and insert on the ______
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axial skeleton, clavicle and scapula
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what is the function of the muscles of the pectoral girdle?
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to stabilize the scapula and move it to increase the arm's angle of movements
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what muscle is a thin, flat, triangular muscle, deep to the pectoralis major muscle
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pectoralis minor
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what is the origin of the pectoralis minor muscle?
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sternal end of upper ribs
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what is the insertion of the pectoralis minor muscle?
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coracoid process of the scapula
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what is the action of the pectoralis minor muscle?
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protracts and depresses the scapula
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what is a large, flat fan shaped muscle positioned between the ribs and the scapula, it has a saw-tooth shaped appearance on its origins visible on the upper ribs
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serratus anterior
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which muscle is the prime mover of scapular protraction?
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serratus anterior
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what is the origin of the serratus anterior muscles?
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anterior and superior margins of the upper ribs
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what is the insertion of the serratus anterior muscles?
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the medial (vertebral) border of the scapula and anterior surface of the scapula
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what is the action of the serratus anterior muscles?
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protracts and depresses the scapula, stabalizes the scapula and superiorly rotates the scapula (gleniod cavity moves superiorly)
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how is the thoracic nerve, which runs anterolaterally along the chest wall usually injured?
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in masectomys (removal of the breasts)
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what is the result of a thoracic nerve injury?
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paralysis of the serratus anterior muscle, thus resulting in winged scapula because the thoracic muscles, which normally oppose the serratus anterior muscle, are unopposed
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where are the rhomboid major and minor located?
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deep to the trapezius
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are the rhomboids visible on the the surface of the muscles
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no, they are under the trapezius
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where are the rhomboids located?
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the rhonboids are parallel bands that run inferolaterally from the vertebrae to the scapula
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are the rhomboids antagonistic or agonistic to the serratus anterior and pectoralis minor?
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antagonistic
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which muscles are the rhomboids antagonistic to?
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the serratus anterior and the pectoralis minor
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What is the origin for the pectoralis major?
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the transverse process of T2- T5
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what is the insertion point of Rhomboid major?
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the medial (vertebral) border of the scapula
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what is the action of Rhomboid Major?
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to retract (adduct) and elevate the scapula, and inferiorly rotate the scapula
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what is the origin of the rhomboid minor?
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the spinous process of C7-T1
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what is the insertion of the rhomboid minor muscle?
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the medial (vertebral) border of the scapula
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what is the action of the rhomboid minor muscle
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to retract (adduct) and elevate the scapula, and inferiorly rotate the scapula
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which muscle is a large, flat, diamond-shaped muscle that extends from the skull and vertebral column to the pectoral girdle laterally and is visible on the posterior surface of the body,
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the trapezius
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what is the origin of the trapezius
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the occipital bone (the superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7- T12
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what is the insertion of the trapezius?
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the clavicle, acromian process, and spine of the scapula
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what is the action of the trapezius?
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elevates the head, draws the head back, and retracts (adducts) the scapula
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which muscle is located on the inferior part of the back and is is the prime arm extensor, often referred to as the swimmers muscle?
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the latissimus dorsi
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what is the origin of the latissums dorsi muscles?
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spinous process of T7-T12, many of the lower ribs, iliac crest, and thoracolumbar facia
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which muscles insertion is on the intertuburcular groove of the proximal humurous?
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the latissimus dorsi
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which muscle is the prime mover of arm extension and its action is to also draw the arm downward and backward while it rotates medially?
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the latissimus dorsi
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which muscle is located anteriorly and covers the superior portion of the thorax
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pectoralis major
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what is the origin of the pectoralis major?
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the medial clavicle, the costal cartilages of the upper ribs, and the body of the sternum
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which muscles insertion is the greater tubrucle and intertubercular groove of the proximal humerous?
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the pectoralis major
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which muscle is the prime mover of arm flexion, and adducts and medially rotates the arm?
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the pectoralis major?
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which muscles originate on the scapula?
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the deltoid and the teres major and the rotator cuff muscles
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what is the muscle that is thick and powerful and functions as the prime abbductor of the arm and forms the rounded countour of the shoulder...also a good place for intermuscular injection
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the deltoid
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what is the origin of the deltoid?
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the acromial end of the clavicle, the acromian, and the spine of the scapula
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what is the insertion of the deltoid?
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the deltoid tuberocity on the lateral midregion of the humerous
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what is the action of the deltoid?
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the anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm, the middle fibers are the prime mover of arm abduction, and the posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate the arm
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the teres major muscle works synergistically with the ______ muscle to extend, abduct, and medially rotate the arm
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latissimus dorsi
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what is the origin of the teres major muscle?
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the inferior lateral border and inferior angle of the scapula
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what is the insertion point of the teres major muscle?
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the lesser tubercle and the intertubercular groove at the lateral proximal end of the humerous
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what is the action of the teres major muscle?
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same at latissimus dorsi...
which muscle is the prime mover of arm extension and its action is to also draw the arm downward and backward while it rotates medially? |
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what are the four rotator cuff muscles that provide strength and stablity for the glenohumeral joint?
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The subscapularis, the supraspinous, infraspinous, and teres minor
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what is the origin of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?
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the subscapular fossa of the scapula
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what is the insertion of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?
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the lesser tubrucle of the humerus
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what is the action of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?
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medially rotates the arm
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what is the origin of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?
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supraspinous fossa of the scapula
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what is the insertion of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?
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the greater tubrucle of the humerous
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what is the action of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?
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abducts the arm as when you start to execute a pitch of a baseball with your arm fully abducted
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what is the origin of the infraspinous muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?
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infraspinous fossa of the scapula
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what is the insertion of the infraspinous muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?
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the greater tubrucle of the humerous
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what is the action of the infraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?
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abducts and laterally rotates the arm, like when you slow down your arm after pitching a baseball
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what are the four rotator cuff muscles that provide strength and stablity for the glenohumeral joint?
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The subscapularis, the supraspinous, infraspinatus, and teres minor
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what is the origin of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?
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the subscapular fossa of the scapula
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what is the insertion of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?
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the lesser tubrucle of the humerus
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what is the action of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?
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medially rotates the arm
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what is the origin of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?
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supraspinous fossa of the scapula
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what is the insertion of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?
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the greater tubrucle of the humerous
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what is the action of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?
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abducts the arm as when you start to execute a pitch of a baseball with your arm fully abducted
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what is the origin of the infraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?
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infraspinous fossa of the scapula
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what is the insertion of the infraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?
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the greater tubrucle of the humerous
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what is the action of the infraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?
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abducts and laterally rotates the arm, like when you slow down your arm after pitching a baseball
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what are the most commonly injured muscles of the rotator cuff?
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ther infraspinatus and the teres minor
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in what people is rotator cuff injury most common?
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baseball players
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what is an almost immediate symptom of rotator cuff injury?
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a sharp pain in the shoulder region
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what is the most common type of rotator cuff repair?
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surgery
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true or false: most athletes regain full athletic use of their injured shoulder after surgery
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false, most athletes never regain full athletic use of their injured shoulder after surgery
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what is the origin of the teres minor muscle, which is located inferior to the infraspinatus?
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the lateral border of the scapula
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what is the insertion of the teres minor muscle, which is located inferior to the infraspinatus?
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the greater tubercle of the humerous
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what is the action of the teres minor muscle, which is located inferior to the infraspinatus?
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abducts and laterally rotates the arm, like when you slow down your arm after pitching a baseball
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for abduction of the arm?
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the latissimus dorsi and the supraspinatus
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for adduction of the arm?
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the latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, teres major and minor, and infraspinatus
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for extension of the arm?
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The latissimus dorsi, the posterior fibers of the deltoid, the teres major, and the long head of the triceps brachii
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for flexion of the arm?
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pectoralis major, the anterior fibers of the deltoid, the long head of the biceps brachii
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for lateral rotation of the arm?
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infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior fibers of the deltoid
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for abduction of the arm?
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the latissimus dorsi and the supraspinatus
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for adduction of the arm?
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the latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, teres major and minor, and infraspinatus
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for extension of the arm?
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The latissimus dorsi, the posterior fibers of the deltoid, the teres major, and the long head of the triceps brachii
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for flexion of the arm?
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pectoralis major, the anterior fibers of the deltoid, the long head of the biceps brachii
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for lateral rotation of the arm?
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infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior fibers of the deltoid
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which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for medial rotation of the arm?
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subscapularis, anterior fibers of the deltoid, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, teres major
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flexing the forearm is synonymous to flexing the ____ joint
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elbow
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the muscles of the arms are divided into two compartments, anterior or _____ compartment, and the posterior or ______ compartment
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flexor, extensor
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the biceps brachii is the main _____ of the anterior compartment of the arm
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flexor
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the triceps brachii is the main _____ of the posterior department of the arm
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extensor
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the ______ is a large two headed muscle on the anterior surface of the humerus
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biceps brachii
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what is the origin of the biceps brachii?
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the long head originates on the supraglenoid tubrucle of the scapula
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what is the insertion of the biceps brachii?
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the radial tuberocity and bicipital aponeurosis
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what is the action of the biceps brachii muscle?
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flexes the elbow joint and is a powerful supinator of the forearm (tightening a screw with right hand)
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the ______ is a large three headed muscle on the posterior surface of the humerous
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triceps brachii
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the biceps and triceps brachii are ______ to one another
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antagonistic
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the origin of the long head of hte triceps brachii is....
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the infraglenoid tubrucle of the scapula
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the origin of the lateral head of the triceps brachii is....
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on the posterior humerous above the radial groove
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the origin of the medial head of the triceps brachii is....
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on the posterior humerous below the radial groove
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the flexor retinaculum
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holds tendons close
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what is the insertion of the triceps brachii
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the olecranon of the ulna
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what is the action of the triceps brachii?
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it is the primary extensor of the elbow joint
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the long head of the _____ crosses the glenohumeral joint where it helps extend the humerous
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triceps brachii
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the long head of the _______ goes through the intertubercular groove
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biceps brachii
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