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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Catacombs |
Underground chamberused as a burial place is a catacomb |
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Atrium |
a large open spacewithin a building, often featuring a glass roof |
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Narthex |
anarchitectural element typical of earlyChristian and Byzantine basilicas consisting of the entranceor lobby area usually located at the west endof the nave, opposite thechurch's main altar |
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Transept |
transverse section,of any building, which lies across the main body of the building |
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Ambulatory |
theprocessional way around the east end of a cathedraland behind the high altar |
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Icon |
generally a flatpanel painting depicting JesusChrist, Mary, saints and/or angels |
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Iconoclasm |
destruction of religious icons and other images or monuments forreligious or political motives |
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Kufic script |
oldest calligraphic form of the various Arabic scripts and consists of a modified form of theold Nabataean script |
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Mohammad |
Believed by Muslims to be a messenger of God, Muhammadas the last prophet sent by god |
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Quran |
the Islamic sacredbook, believed to be the word of God as dictated to Muhammad by the archangelGabriel and written down in Arabic |
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Mecca |
Birthplace of Muhammad, spiritual center ofIslam |
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Mosque |
Muslim temple or place of public worship |
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Caliph |
a spiritual leader of Islam, claiming succession from Muhammad |
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Qibla |
the point toward which Muslims turn to pray, especially the Ka’ba, or House of God, at Mecca |
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Minbar |
a short flight ofsteps used as a platform by a preacher in a mosque |
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Mihrab |
a niche inthe wall of a mosque, at the point nearest to Mecca, toward which thecongregation faces to pray |
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Minaret |
a tallslender tower, typically part of a mosque, with a balcony from which a muezzincalls Muslims to prayer |
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Hypostyle mosque |
In architecture, a hypostyle hall has a roof which is supported by columnsarea |
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Iwan |
a large hall oraudience chamber often open on one side and found in Parthian architecture |
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Muqarnas |
the Arabic word forstalactite vault |
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Aniconism |
the practice of avoidingimages of divine beings, prophets or other respected religious figures, or indifferent manifestations, any human beings or living creatures |
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Cloisonné |
decorative work inwhich enamel, glass, or gemstones are separated by strips of flattened wireplaced edgeways on a metal backing |
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Animal style |
characterized by its emphasis on animal motifs |
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Vellum |
fine parchment madeoriginally from the skin of a calf |
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Manuscript |
a book, document, orpiece of music written by hand rather than typed or printed |
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Illumination |
the art ofilluminating a manuscript |
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Scriptoria |
a room set apart forwriting, especially one in a monastery where manuscripts were copied |
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Westwork |
themonumental, west-facing entrance section of a Carolingian, Ottonian, orRomanesque church |
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Reliquary |
a container for holyrelics |
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Pilgrimage churches |
a church to which pilgrimages are regularly made, or a church alonga pilgrimage route, like the Wayof St. James, that is visited by pilgrims |
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Tympanum |
is the semi-circularor triangular decorative wall surface over an entrance |
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Trumeau |
in architecture, isthe central pillar or mullion supporting the tympanum of a large doorway, commonly found inmedieval buildings |
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Cistercians
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a member of aChristian order of monks and nuns founded in 1098, which follows an especiallystrict form of the Benedictine ruler
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Benedictines
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a monk or nunof an order following the rule of St. Benedict
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Barrel vaults
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a vaultforming a half cylinder
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Nave
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the central part of achurch building intended to accommodate most of the congregation
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Narthex
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an antechamber, porch, or distinct area at thewestern entrance of some early Christian churches, separated off by a railingand used by catechumens, penitents
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Aisles
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a passage betweenrows of seats in a building such as a church or theater, an airplane, or a train |
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Transept |
either of the twoparts forming the arms of the cross shape, projecting at right angles from thenave |
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Crossing |
in ecclesiastical architecture, is the junction of the four arms of a cruciform (cross-shaped) church |
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Choir |
between the altar andthe nave, used by the choir and clergy |
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Ambulatory |
a place for walking,especially an aisle around the apse or a cloister in a church or monastery |
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Buttresses |
a projecting supportof stone or brick built against a wall |
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Flying buttresses |
a buttress slantingfrom a separate pier, typically forming an arch with the wall it supports |
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Jamb statues |
figure carved on the jambs of a doorway or window |
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Rose window |
a circularwindow with mullions or tracery radiating in a form suggestive of a rose |
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Trefoil/quatrefoiltyle |
trefoil describes alayout or floorplan consisting of three apses in clover-leaf shape |
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Illuminated manuscripts
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a manuscript in which the text is supplemented withsuch decoration as initials,borders (marginalia) and miniatureillustrations
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Grisaille
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a term for painting executed entirely in monochrome or near-monochrome, usually in shadesof grey
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Book of hours
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is a Christian devotional book popular in the Middle Ages. It is the mostcommon type of surviving medieval illuminatedmanuscript
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Abbot Suger
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a French abbot, statesman, historian and one ofthe earliest patrons of Gothicarchitecture
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Fresco
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a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly-laid, or wet lime
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Altarpiece
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a piece ofart such as a painting, sculpture or relief representing areligious subject and suspended in a frame behind the altar of a Christian Church
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Punchwork
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a small repetitive allover pattern made with asteel punch
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