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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the heart and all the blood vessels |
The circulatory system includes |
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the heart rate |
Cardiac drugs may affect |
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the rhythm of the heart |
Cardiac drugs may affect |
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the amount of output of blood |
Cardiac drugs may affect |
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Cardiac drugs may affect |
the strength of contraction or the intracellular energy production of the heart muscle |
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heart failure myocardial infarction arrhythmias |
There are three main conditions for which the cardiac drugs are used: |
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The heart is not circulating blood at a satisfactory rate to meet the body's demands |
Heart failure
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Name two changes that may occur during heart failure. |
Cyanosis or edema |
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ACE inhibitors |
Drug of choice for CHF? |
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Expands blood vessels and decreases resistance by lowering levels of angiotensin II. Allows blood to flow more easily and makes the heart's work easier or more efficient. Reduces BP. |
ACE inhibitor |
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Decrease the heart rate and cardiac output, which lowers blood pressure and makes the heart beat more slowly and with less force. |
Beta Blockers |
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Beta Blockers |
Drug for arrhythmia |
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Interrupt the movement of calcium into the cells of the heart and blood vessels. May decrease the heart's pumping strength and relax blood vessels., resulting in a lowered BP |
Calcium Channel Blockers |
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Drug for high blood pressure and angina |
Calcium Channel Blocker
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Increases the force of the heart's contractions, which can be beneficial in heart failure and for irregular heart beats. |
Digitalis |
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Cause the body to rid itself of excess fluids and sodium through urination. Helps to relieve the heart's workload. |
Diuretics |
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angiotensin II receptor blockers prevent this chemical from having any effects on the heart and blood vessels. This keeps blood pressure from rising. |
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
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Furosemide (Lasix), |
Name two diuretics |
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Candesartan, Eprosartan |
Name 2 Angiotensin II Receptor drugs |
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Catapril, Enalapril (Vasotec) |
Name two ACE inhibitors |
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increase the contractility of the myocardium |
Inotropic drugs |
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Digoxin (Lanoxin) |
Inotropic Drug |
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contract the smooth muscle in blood vessels, which causes the vessels to constrict and raising BP |
Vasoconstrictor drugs |
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relax the smooth muscle in blood vessels, which causes the vessels to dilate and lower the BP |
Vasodilators |
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Pulmonary Hypertension |
Diuretic |
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Dry, hacking cough |
Common side effect of ACE inhibitors |
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Nitroglycerin |
Vasodilator |
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suffix is -arin, -in |
Anticoagulants |
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IV infusion route |
Heparin |
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by slowing down the clotting process, these drugs treat or prevent a thromboembolic disorders |
Anticoagulants (blood thinners) |
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Work in hypertensive patients by binding Beta 1 receptors which decreases rate , output and causes relaxation of blood vessels |
Beta Blockers
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cause the blood vessels to relax and increase in diameter and have a role in the treatment of heart conditions and hypertension. |
Vasodilators |
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Hasten the process of blood clotting |
Coagulants |
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blood clots are dissoved |
Thrombolytic therapy |
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used for acute stroke to be given within 5 hours |
Thrombolytic therapy |
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"thiazide", "zone" |
Diuretics suffix is generally |
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"olol" |
Beta blockers, suffix is generally |
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"pril" |
ACE Inhibitors, suffix is generaly |
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"pine" "mil" |
Calcium Channel Blocker, suffix is generaly |
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treatment of angina |
Nitrates |
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block chest pain |
NItrates |
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cause an increase in cardiac output by increasing the force of the heart contraction |
Inotropic drugs |
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70mg/dL |
LDL |
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160mg/dL |
Total cholesterol |
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Nitroglycerin |
angina is treated with |
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treats transient ischemic attacks |
antiplatelet drug |
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subq injection rather than IV |
advantage of low-molecular weight heparin is over traditional heparin is |
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a proton pump inhibitor(ranitidine) |
antiplatelet should not be given with |
|
platelet inhibitor |
Aggrastat |
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they can be taken orally |
advantage to coumarin anticoagulants |
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they take2-7 days to work |
disadvantage to coumarin anticoagulants |
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Vitamin K (Phytonadione) |
Antidote for coumarin |
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treatment of venous thrombosis |
Heparin |
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propanolol |
prevents myocardial infarction |
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prevents arrythmia |
Corgard |
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Diuretic agents |
Classes of drugs that treat heart failure |
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Vasodilators Beta Blockers |
myocardial infarction |
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Inotropic, Diuretics, Beta Blockers |
Drug classes used to treat CHF |
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Digoxin |
Inotropic drug used to treat heart failure |
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Digibind |
Antidote for digoxin |
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Heparin |
anticoagulant given by IV |
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stroke, kidney damage, heart attack |
HBP can cause |
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diabetics and asthmatics |
Populations that should not take beta blockers |
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"thiazide", "zone" |
Diuretics suffixes |
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pregnant women |
ACE and ARAs should not be taken by |
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Prozosin, resulting decrease in BP is so great that the patient may faint |
First dose syncope "zosin", Alpha Blocker, |
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nitrates, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers |
Classes that treat angina |
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sublingual, transdermal patch |
2 Forms of Nitroglycerin |
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Vitamin K or Protamine |
Antidote for Heparin |
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Digibind |
Antidote for Digoxin |
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conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II |
ACE inhibitors block |
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chronic, dry hacking cough |
Coomon side effect of ACE inhibitors |
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should not be stopped abruptly |
Beta Blockers |
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CHF, HBP |
ACE treats |
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arrhthymia, MI, HBP |
Beta Blockers treat |
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CHF, MI, and when ACE inhibitor cannot be tolerated |
Angiotensin II Receptor used for |
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Hypertension |
Aldosterone Inhibitor treats |
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Act directly on the kidneys for hypertension |
Renin inhibitors |
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Increase BP |
Vasoconstrictors |
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angina, hypertension |
Vasodilators treat |
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dissolve major clots |
Thrombolytic Therapy for MI |
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Disabling effects reversible if administered within 4.5 hours after acute stroke |
Thrombolytic Therapy for MI |
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angina cardiomyopathy |
Calcium Blockers |
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lower cholesterol |
Antilipidemic Drugs |
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asthma and diabetes patients |
Who should not take Beta Blockers? |
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Patients with hyperkalemia or reduced renal function |
Who should not take Aldosterone Inhibitors? |
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Should not be stopped abruptly |
Calcium Blockers |
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Pregnant and nursing women, women of childbearing age |
Who should not take Antilipedimic Drugs? |
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chronic dry cough |
Side effects of ACE inhibitors |
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Most frequent-hemorrhage |
Thrombolytic Therapy complication |
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Warfarin |
Coumadin antidote |
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Vitamin K |
Heparin antidote |
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Digibind |
Digoxin antidote |
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Do not take aspirin with anticoagulant |
Antiplatelet Therapy |
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muscle aches and pains; liver damage |
Side effects of antilipedemic drugs |
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do not take effect for 2-7 days |
Coumarin |
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takes 12-18 hours for onset |
Warfarin |
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Beta Blockers Vasodilators Thrombolytics |
Drugs that treat MI |
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Anticoagulants Beta Blockers Calcium Blockers |
Drugs that treat arrhythmia (ABC) |
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Beta Blockers Diuretics Vasodilators |
Drugs that treat heart failure |
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skin rash, edema |
Side effects of Angiotensin II Receptors |