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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Analogue differs from digital recording in that analog recording is:
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continuous
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In digital audio, sampling refers to the:
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time component
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In digital audio recording, quantization refers to the:
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amplitude component
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In A/D conversion, the original signal is sampled at fixed intervals. The rate in which this happens is:
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sampling frequency.
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To digitally encode the highest frequency in a signal successfully, it has to be sampled at a rate as least
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twice as much as it's frequency
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The more quantizing levels there are:
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The longer the word or bit depth.
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The Data Rate of an Audio CD is
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16/44.1k
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Sampling takes periodic samples (voltage) of the original analog signals:
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at fixed intervals and converts them to digital data
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True or false: The relationship between sampling frequency is called the audio data rate
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True
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Bit depth:
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defines the digital word length used to represent a given sample and determines dynamic range
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16-bit recording systems will theoretically provide a dynamic range of
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96dB
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True or false: A digital audio system recording and playing back at a sampling frequency of 48kHz will be able to reproduce higher frequencies than the same system running at a sampling rate of 44.1khz
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True
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A microphone converts acoustical energy into:
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electric energy
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True or false: High impedence microphones are preferred to low impedence microphones in audio
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false
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Moving coil microphones and ribbon microphones are classified as
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dynamic microphones
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microphones operating on the variable capacitance principle are
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Transducer energy using electrostatic variations
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True or false: Capacitator microphones are all tube microphones
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False
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another term used for nondirectional: omni directional
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omni directional
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Random Energy Efficiency refers to:
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the ratio of on-axis sensitivity to diffuse sound field efficiency
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A microphones polar pattern is an indication of it's
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“reach”
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An MS or Mid-Side mic array requires a figure 8 capsule and
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any other capsule
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To enhance proximity effect
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place the microphone close to the sound source
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A pure pressure mic has what type of polar pattern
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omnidirectional.
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A microphones directional sensitivity is displayed with:
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a polar response diagram.
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If a console is 8X2, it has:
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8 inputs and 2 outputs
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a pan pot or panoramic potentiometer is:
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a volume control that shifts loudness between two master channels
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Percentage of modulation on a VU meter is:
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the average loudness of a sound source fed to the console
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If a signal is below 20 percent of modulation it is said to be
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in the mud
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Headroom prefers to the amount of level between
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normal operating level and overload
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The difference between a VU meter and a peak program meter is that the ppm was designed to
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indicate transient peaks
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For a number of input signals to be fed into an output line, there must be a
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buss
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The connecting point of most, if not all of a studios inputs and outputs in the
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patch bay
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a balanced phone plug has a:
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tip, ring and sleeve
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ACN stands for
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active combining network
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an “ACN” is more commonly referred to as a:
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bus
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When describing the wiring in a patchbay, the word normal refers to:
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normally connected
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the monitor section of a console:
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enables signal to be heard
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Consoles have at least three basic control sections:
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inputs, outputs, monitor
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Having educated ears means:
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the ability to listen with careful discrimination
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Critical listening:
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the evaluation of the characteristics of a sound itself
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Analytical listening:
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he evaluation of the content and function of a sound
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If evaluating whether an instrument is loud enough or too loud in a mix, you are
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listening analytically
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The two most commonly encountered synchronization signals are:
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time code and word clock
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Time code is an electronic signal that has pulses encoded into it. What kind of values do these pulses represent
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time/seconds
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the most commonly encountered time clock:
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SMPTE
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regarding digital audio streams between devices, variations from sample to sample is reffered to as
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jitter
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name one type of audio artifact that comes from jitter:
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skips, clicks and pops, frequency problems
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SMPTE time code specifies time in what units
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hours: minutes: seconds: frames
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True or false:
Acoustics is used toe descibe both the physical behavior of sound and human perception |
false
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True or False: Indirect sound reaches the listener before it interacts with any other surface
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false
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When an early reflection of a direct sound is delayed by 35 milliseconds or more, the listener perceives
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echo
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If two identical sounds are played through left and right speakers, but the right speaker is delayed by 5 or 10 milliseconds, the listener will think the sound is coming more from the left. This is called
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the precedence effect.
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Unwanted sound
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Noise
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RT60
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a measurement of reverb time
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Rock and Roll is recorded in
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dead studios
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Rooms with reverb times of one second or more tend to be
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live
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Flutter echo
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short single echoes that come in rapid succession in a small room
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When reflections become smaller and smaller and the time between them decreases until they are distinguishable
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Reverberation
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The measurement of how many cycles a waveform completes in one second is described as it's
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frequency
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Human beings perceive frequency as pitch
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Wavelength, velocity and phase all relate to one primary dimension which is time
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To localize where a sound is coming from, humans use both time of arrival differences and amplitude differences. Which is more effective in helping us localize sound?
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time of arrival differences
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A sound emitted in a room goes through a "life cycle" of three phases. They are
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direct sound, early reflections, and reverberance
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A compressor/limiter is an example of
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an amplitude processor
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A reverb device is an example of
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a time processor
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Equalization that alters sound by boosting or cutting is called
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peak/dip
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True or false: Filters can both amplify and attenuate frequencies
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False
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True or false: A graphic equalizer is a type of fixed frequency processor
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True
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A parametric equalizer adds the following capability to that of a fixed frequency equalizer
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variable bandwidths
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A high-pass filter attenuates
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low frequencies
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With a compressor, the two primary controls to lean about are
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threshold and ratio
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Basically, the threshold control in a compressor acts as a
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volume control switch
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A limiter is a compressor whose
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output level stays at or below a preset point regardless of its input level
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Which of the following is not an effect of compression sound
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increasing dynamic range
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multiples are special jacks that are
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wired to each other
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The ratio control on a compressor controls what
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the amount of compression
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